Table 4 Clinical effect of siwak on periodontal health: Randomised controlled trial RCT)
References | Study design | Study group (n = sample size) | Siwak application | Periodontal parameter | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gazi et al. [41] | Cross over | TB (n = 10) S (n = 10) | Exclusive | PI, GI | Significantly reduced mean plaque and gingivitis scores |
Al-Otaibi et al. [25] | Cross over | TB (n = 15) S (n = 15) | Exclusive | PI, Plaque-stained surface, GI | |
Baeshen et al. [35] | Cross over | TB (n = 15) S (n = 15) | Exclusive | PI | Percentage of plaque was comparable with TB |
Bhambal et al. [37] | Cross over | TB (n = 30) S (n = 30) | Exclusive | PI, GI | Reduced mean plaque and gingivitis scores, but no significant difference with TB |
Malik et al. [36] | Parallel | TB (n = 25) S (n = 25) | Exclusive | PI, GI | Significantly reduced plaque Comparable with TB in improving gingival health |
Patel et al. [38] | Parallel | TB (n = 10) S (n = 10) S & TB (n = 10) | Adjunctive | PI, Plaque-stained surface, GI | Significantly greater reduction of plaque and gingivitis score |
Othman et al. [40] | Parallel | TB (n = 10) S (n = 10) S & TB (n = 10) | Adjunctive | PI, GI | Significantly greater reduction of plaque and gingivitis score |
Rifaey et al. [39] | Cross over | TB (n = 10) S & TB(n = 10) | Adjunctive | PI, GI, BOP | Significantly greater reduction of plaque and gingivitis score |