Variables | Healthy n = 582 (56.9%) | Borderline n = 353 (34.5%) | Diabetes n = 87 (8.5%) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Periodontal parameters | ||||
 Number of teeth | 26.7 (4.6) | 25.8 (5.2)*** | 23.7 (6.5)*** |  < 0.001†|
 PPD (mm) | 2.8 (0.6) | 2.8 (0.6) | 3.0 (0.6)*** | 0.005¶ |
 BOP sites / mouth | 18.0 (21.0) | 19.9 (24.8) | 19.9 (24.2) | 0.415†|
 PESA (mm2) | 1402.7 (327.5) | 1405.0 (396.8) | 1347.2 (410.2) | 0.465†|
 PISA (mm2) | 206.0 (283.2) | 239.9 (348.4) | 251.5 (351.1) | 0.202†|
Health examination | ||||
 Age | 49.0 (9.7) | 53.2 (9.4)*** | 56.0 (9.2)*** |  < 0.001¶ |
 Weight (kg) | 67.8 (11.0) | 70.5 (13.6)*** | 76.8 (15.3)*** |  < 0.001†|
 BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 (3.1) | 24.6 (3.8)*** | 26.7 (4.5)*** |  < 0.001†|
 Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 121.6 (89.4) | 126.6 (80.0) | 154.2 (113.5)*** | 0.037†|
 LDL (mg/dL) | 121.1 (29.2) | 123.1 (29.9) | 119.2 (29.2) | 0.429¶ |
 HDL (mg/dL) | 60.7 (16.0) | 58.0 (14.7)* | 52.3 (13.5)*** |  < 0.001†|
 FBG (mg/dL) | 101.4 (8.6) | 109.7 (12.9)*** | 154.3 (28.8)*** |  < 0.001†|
 HbA1c (%) | 5.39 (0.19) | 5.89 (0.19)*** | 7.70 (1.15)*** |  < 0.001†|
 % FEV1 | 79.5 (6.7) | 79.6 (6.4) | 79.5 (5.9) | 0.962¶ |
 CAVI | 7.8 (0.9) | 8.0 (0.9)*** | 8.4 (1.0)*** |  < 0.001¶ |
Smoking (n, (%)) |  |  |  | 0.004§ |
 Never | 260 (44.6) | 122 (34.6) | 24 (27.6) |  |
 Former | 165 (28.4) | 112 (36.3) | 32 (36.8) |  |
 Current | 157 (27.0) | 119 (33.7) | 31 (35.6) |  |
Occlusal function (Total n = 764) | ||||
 n | 431 | 264 | 69 |  |
 Bite force (N) | 416.5 (243.7) | 384.1 (249.8) | 334.3 (287.5)* | 0.002¶ |