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Table.2 Influence of public health policies on Google © and Wikipedia searches for oral cancers and in press articles on the subject in Europe

From: Relationship between internet research data of oral neoplasms and public health programs in the European Union

 

Country or language

Monthly mean

Mean before the 2014/40/EU directive

Mean before health warnings (countries having adopted them before the 2014/40/EU directive)

Mean before the introduction of a national campaign

Mean after the 2014/40/EU directive

Mean after health warnings (countries having adopted them before the 2014/40/EU directive)

Mean during MSC

Mean during a national campaign

Google Trends© (RSV) 2004–2018

         

1

Germany

25.45

24.80

28.21

p = 0.175

26.38

p = 0.87

1bis

Germany (for the isolated term “Mundkrebs”)

23.21

21.68

29.67

p < 0.001

28.3

p = 0.24

2

Austria

15.40

15.49

15.06

p = 0.842

12.21

p = 0.85

3

Bulgaria

9.35

9.19

9.99

p = 0.68

9.33

p = 1.00

3bis

Bulgaria (for the isolated term “Paк Ha Гъpдaтa”)

0.98

0.85

1.5

p = 0.03

1.66

p = 0.35

4

Croatia

11.50

12.03

9.26

p = 0.236

7.25

p = 0.86

5

Denmark

21.08

18.24

33.15

p < 0.001

32.50

p = 0.17

6

Estonia

3.00

3.09

2.62

p = 0.808

0.00

p = 0.47

7

Finland

10.01

7.28

21.53

p < 0.001

12.33

p = 0.69

8

Ireland

9.12

8.48

6.87

11.82

p = 0.18

13.00

p < 0.001

10.4

p = 0.03

9

Latvia

3.60

3.24

5.10

p = 0.16

3.50

p = 0.97

10

Lithuania

4.66

3.92

7.79

p = 0.063

8.33

p = 0.41

11

Luxembourg

15.34

14.82

17.55

p = 0.283

15.44

p = 0.88

12

Netherlands

16.52

16.89

14.94

p = 0.527

10.50

p = 0.36

13

Poland

12.51

12.43

12.84

p = 0.764

8.00

p = 0.58

14

Czech Republic

4.16

4.15

 

4.20

p = 0.96

2.54

p = 0.69

 

14bis

Czech Republic (for the isolated term “Rakovina Úst”)

0.37

0.27

0.79

p = 0.01

0.16

p = 0.64

15

Slovakia

10.07

9.48

12.59

p = 0.247

9.83

p = 0.97

16

Slovenia

1.63

1.60

1.79

p = 0.896

2.67

p = 0.75

Countries with introduction of health warnings and shock images on cigarette packets before the enforcement of directive 2014/40/EU

         

17

Belgium

15.84

15.57

9.99

17.00

p = 0.741

16.73

p = 0.06

15.33

p = 0.88

17bis

Wallonia (keywords in French isolated)

27.5

26.95

12.25

29.82

p = 0.48

29.87

p = 0.02

27.83

p = 0.97

18

Spain

30.66

30.17

27.57

32.74

p = 0.450

33.43

p = 0.03

30.67

p = 1.00

19

France

16.03

15.32

14.51

19.05

p = 0.001

17.43

p = 0.001

17.28

p = 0.75

20

United Kingdom

24.82

23.79

26.1

24.82

29.21

p < 0.001

24.35

p = 0.11

27.33

p = 0.35

28.79

p = 0.02

Wikipedia (Number of page visits) 2015–2018

         

1

English

24,785

25,109

24,726

p = 0.78

21,836

p = 0.08

2

German

8551

10,269

42,874

p = 0.01

7352

p = 0.21

3

Italian

9785

3799

3782

p = 0.02

3612

p = 0.73

4

French

1982

2972

1807

p < 0.001

1661

p = 0.59

5

Dutch

1416

1864

1285

p = 0.39

1211

p = 0.18

6

Polish

1301

1390

1285

p = 0.39

1096

p = 0.15

7

Portuguese

1000

682

1058

p < 0.001

1067

p = 0.66

8

Slovenia

363

331

369

p = 0.2

341

p = 0.53

9

Finnish

284

321

277

p = 0.18

235

p = 0.21

Europresse© (Number of articles) 2004–2018

         

1

English

4.44

3.86

6.3

p = 0.001

8.83

p = 0.007

MCAD

11.15

p < 0.001

MCAM

9.17

p < 0.001

2

French

4.15

4.17

2.51

p = 0.34

9.33

p < 0.001

3

German

2.21

2.02

3.78

p = 0.22

5.33

p < 0.001

  1. When one of the search terms studied isolated produced a significant result, it was highlighted (bis). When a research term studied produced an insignificant result due to Bonferroni's correction (to eliminate the cumulative effect of the different measures), it was noted in red italics