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Table 1 Participants’ basic information

From: Patients with mild cognitive impairment diagnosed at dementia clinic display decreased maximum occlusal force: a cross-sectional study

 

Healthy

MCI

p value

Mean ± SD

Median

n

%

Mean ± SD

Median

n

%

Age

69.8 ± 8.8

71.5

48

 

76.9 ± 6.7

78

48

 

< 0.001*

Sex

         

  Male

  

14

29.2

  

21

43.8

0.138

  Female

  

34

70.8

  

27

56.2

 

BMI (kg/m2)

22.5 ± 10.7

22.1

48

 

22.7 ± 4.0

22.4

48

 

0.921

Primary disease

         

  Hypertension

  

16

33.3

  

24

50.0

0.098

  Cerebrovascular disease

  

2

  4.2

  

4

  8.3

0.399

  Heart disease

  

3

  6.3

  

6

12.5

0.294

  Diabetes mellitus

  

5

10.4

  

5

10.4

1.000

  Hyperlipidemia

  

10

20.8

  

9

18.8

0.798

  Malignant tumor

  

3

  6.3

  

7

14.6

0.181

  Depression

  

2

  4.2

  

1

2.1

0.557

  Neurologic disease

  

0

  0.0

  

3

  6.3

0.078

  Others

  

17

35.4

  

24

50.0

0.149

Years of education

14.3 ± 1.8

14

48

 

13.8 ± 2.5

14

48

 

0.600

Alcohol

         

   Yes

  

22

45.8

  

22

45.8

1.00

   No

  

26

54.2

  

26

54.2

 

Smoking

         

   Yes

  

2

  4.2

  

4

  8.3

0.677

   No

  

46

95.8

  

44

91.7

 

Living environment

         

   Alone

  

3

  6.3

  

9

18.8

0.064

   With family

  

45

93.7

  

38

79.2

 

Employment

         

   Yes

  

25

52.1

  

15

31.3

0.038*

   No

  

23

47.9

  

33

68.7

 

Exercise habits

         

   Yes

  

37

77.1

  

27

56.2

0.030*

   No

  

11

22.9

  

21

43.8

 

MMSE score

28.7 ± 1.2

29

47

 

23.8 ± 3.0

24

48

 

< 0.001**

  1. MCI: mild cognitive impairment, SD: standard deviation, BMI: body mass index, MMSE: mini-mental state examination
  2. *p < 0.05 Healthy group vs MCI group, Chi-square test
  3. **p < 0.05 Healthy group vs MCI group, Mann–Whitney U test
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BMC Oral Health

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