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Table 3 Association between daily toothbrushing and parenting practices and effect modification by child’s gender in rural Egypt (n = 433)

From: Parenting practices and oral health behaviors of children in rural Egypt: gender differences in a household survey

Parenting practices

AOR (95% CI)

P for interaction

Overall

Sons

Daughters

Mother involvement

1.03 (0.92, 1.15)

0.80 (0.67, 0.96)*

1.01 (0.90, 1.14)

0.045*

Father involvement

0.93 (0.85, 1.03)

1.10 (0.96, 1.25)

0.92 (0.83, 1.02)

0.13

Mother positive parenting

1.05 (0.86, 1.29)

0.60 (0.40, 0.90)*

1.05 (0.85, 1.31)

0.02*

Father positive parenting

0.89 (0.79, 1.00)

1.15 (0.99, 1.34)

0.86 (0.76, 0.97)*

0.02*

Mother inconsistent discipline

1.22 (1.06, 1.41)*

0.92 (0.79, 1.07)

1.24 (1.07, 1.44)*

0.01*

Father inconsistent discipline

0.85 (0.75, 0.96)*

1.02 (0.89, 1.17)

0.83 (0.73, 0.94)*

0.07

Mother poor monitoring

1.05 (0.82, 1.33)

0.66 (0.48, 0.93)*

1.09 (0.85, 1.40)

0.04*

Father poor monitoring

0.96 (0.72, 1.29)

1.52 (1.001, 2.30)*

0.94 (0.69, 1.27)

0.08

Mother corporal punishment

1.08 (0.97, 1.20)

1.03 (0.89, 1.19)

1.07 (0.95, 1.20)

0.58

Father corporal punishment

1.07 (0.93, 1.22)

1.09 (0.94, 1.27)

1.07 (0.93, 1.23)

0.94

  1. Adjusting for village, age, mother’s education, and dental visits
  2. AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  3. *Statistically significant at p < 0.05