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Table 3 Comparison between Class I and Class II patients with similar age group and breathing mode

From: Three-dimensional evaluation of hyoid bone position in nasal and mouth breathing subjects with skeletal Class I, and Class II

 

7–9 years (n = 64)

10–12 years (n = 62)

Mouth breathing (n = 34)

P value

Nasal breathing (n = 30)

P value

Mouth breathing (n = 32)

P value

Nasal breathing (n = 30)

P value

Class I (n = 15)

Class II (n = 19)

Class I (n = 15)

Class II (n = 15)

Class I (n = 16)

Class II (n = 16)

Class I (n = 15)

Class II (n = 15)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

H-Mea

39.82 (4.14)

39.56 (7.01)

0.901

41.56 (4.04)

38.33 (5.11)

0.065

42.60 (5.61)

40.30 (5.27)

0.241

42.72 (5.26)

41.09 (6.57)

0.46

H-EBb

8.45 (2.71)

9.82 (3.91)

0.339

7.21 (1.97)

6.76 (1.99)

0.506

10.08 (3.82)

7.88 (2.94)

0.054

11.88 (5.04)

8.66 (2.55)

0.077

C3-Hb

25.12 (4.04)

25.42 (2.95)

0.741

24.87 (3.28)

25.68 (3.36)

0.663

27.61 (3.65)

25.10 (2.52)

0.045*

32.36 (5.06)

27.86 (2.88)

0.001**

C3-Meb

64.62 (4.40)

64.20 (7.55)

0.578

65.07 (5.38)

63.46 (6.63)

0.205

70.13 (7.61)

64.93 (6.68)

0.028*

71.90 (5.52)

65.14 (11.35)

0.029*

H-C3Mea

2.60 (1.88)

− 1.67 (3.54)

0.0001***

− 0.99 (4.36)

1.68 (3.17)

0.065

1.21 (4.83)

2.81 (4.16)

0.324

2.35 (7.62)

4.11 (4.18)

0.439

H-PNSa

51.04 (2.31)

45.80 ( 4.61)

0.0003***

46.82 (5.49)

49.54 (2.01)

0.082

51.97 (5.76)

53.92 (3.63)

0.261

51.92 (9.21)

53.65 (5.18)

0.532

H-Hb

15.91 (17.72)

12.53 ( 8.66)

0.93

18.68 (9.60)

17.08 (5.99)

0.262

9.39 (6.58)

12.74 (8.85)

0.067

15.27 (8.47)

14.32 (5.34)

0.067

H-Vb

82.38 (4.41)

77.37 (6.83)

0.002**

75.94 (2.99)

81.7 (3.50)

0.00007****

88.45 (6.86)

90.96 (6.21)

0.18

90.18 (11.34)

88.24 (6.92)

0.983

  1. ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05,
  2. aIndependent sample t-test
  3. bMann–Whitney U test