Table 4 comparison between mouth breathing and nasal breathing with matched age, and anteroposterior skeletal class
|  | 7–9 years (n = 64) | 10–12 years (n = 62) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class I (n = 30) | P value | Class II (n = 34) | P value | Class I (n = 31) | P value | Class II (n = 31) | P value | |||||
Mouth breathing (n = 15) | Nasal breathing (n = 15) | Mouth breathing (n = 19) | Nasal breathing (n = 15) | Mouth breathing (n = 16) | Nasal breathing (n = 15) | Mouth breathing (n = 16) | Nasal breathing (n = 15) | |||||
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||||
H-Mea | 39.82 (4.14) | 41.56 (4.04) | 0.254 | 39.56 (7.01) | 38.33 (5.11) | 0.573 | 42.6 (5.61) | 42.72 (5.26) | 0.951 | 40.3 (5.27) | 41.09 (6.57) | 0.712 |
H-EBb | 8.45 (2.71) | 7.21(1.97) | 0.092 | 9.82 (9.82) | 6.76 (1.99) | 0.015* | 10.08 (3.82) | 11.88 (5.04) | 0.285 | 7.88 (2.94) | 8.66 (2.55) | 0.363 |
C3-Hb | 25.12 (4.04) | 24.87 (3.28) | 0.884 | 25.42 (2.95) | 25.68 (3.36) | 0.754 | 27.61 (3.65) | 32.36 (5.06) | 0.002** | 25.10 (2.52) | 27.86 (2.88) | 0.011* |
C3-Meb | 64.62 (4.40) | 65.07 (5.38) | 0.9 | 64.20 (7.55) | 63.46 (6.63) | 0.615 | 70.13 (7.61) | 71.90 (5.52) | 0.635 | 64.93 (6.68) | 65.14 (11.35) | 0.501 |
H-C3Mea | 2.60 (1.88) | − 0.99 (4.36) | 0.006** | − 1.67 (3.54) | 1.68 (3.17) | 0.007** | 1.21 (4.83) | 2.35 (4.83) | 0.622 | 2.81 (4.16) | 4.11 (4.16) | 0.395 |
H-PNSa | 51.04(2.31) | 46.82 (5.49) | 0.010* | 45.8 (8.66) | 49.54 (2.01) | 0.006** | 51.97 (5.76) | 51.92 (9.21) | 0.986 | 53.92 (3.63) | 53.65 (5.18) | 0.866 |
H-Hb | 15.91 (17.72) | 18.68 (9.60) | 0.17 | 12.53 (8.66) | 17.08 (5.99) | 0.076 | 8.88 (5.71) | 15.27 (8.47) | 0.036* | 12.74 (8.85) | 14.32 (5.34) | 0.968 |
H-Vb | 82.38 (4.41) | 75.94 (2.99) | 0.0001*** | 77.37 (6.83) | 81.70 (3.50) | 0.007** | 88.45 (6.86) | 90.18 (11.34) | 0.874 | 90.96 (6.21) | 88.24 (6.92) | 0.205 |