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Table 5 JIA disease-specific features and dental caries in relation to Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) total score > 0 and Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (Child-OIDP) simple count (SC) score > 0

From: Oral health-related quality of life in 4–16-year-olds with and without juvenile idiopathic arthritis

 

ECOHIS total score > 0

Child-OIDP SC score > 0

Unadjusted regressions

Adjusted regressionsa

Unadjusted regressions

Adjusted regressionsa

n

OR

95% CI

p-value

OR

95% CI

p-value

n

OR

95% CI

p-value

OR

95% CI

p-value

JIA category

Oligoarthritis persistent

32

Ref

  

Ref

  

44

Ref

  

Ref

  

Not oligoarthritis persistentb

45*

3.64

(1.09–12.08)

0.035

3.32

(0.82–13.40)

0.092

62**

6.32

(1.99–20.01)

0.002

6.29

(1.83–21.63)

0.004

Age at JIA onset

 ≤ 6 years

64

Ref

  

Ref

  

46

Ref

  

Ref

  

 > 6 years

32

0.82

(0.29–2.36)

0.719

0.61

(0.17–2.11)

0.430

79

1.03

(0.45–2.35)

0.952

1.52

(0.56–4.14)

0.414

Disease duration

 ≤ 5 years

57

Ref

  

Ref

  

60

Ref

  

Ref

  

 > 5 years

39

3.13

(0.94–10.34)

0.062

2.81

(0.77–10.27)

0.117

65

0.97

(0.44–2.17)

0.948

0.87

(0.34–2.19)

0.762

Steroids, ever used

No steroids ever used

74

Ref

  

Ref

  

99

Ref

  

Ref

  

Steroids ever used

22

0.79

(0.25–2.53)

0.696

0.57

(0.15–2.14)

0.409

26

1.32

(0.51–3.41)

0.572

2.32

(0.79–6.88)

0.128

DMARDs, ongoing

No sDMARDs nor bDMARDs ongoing

26

Ref

  

Ref

  

49

Ref

  

Ref

  

sDMARDs, but no bDMARDs ongoing

34

2.04

(0.64–6.55)

0.230

2.00

(0.57–7.02)

0.280

27

2.68

(0.95–7.58)

0.063

1.38

(0.41–4.65)

0.601

bDMARDs ongoingc

36

5.82

(1.38–24.56)

0.016

7.59

(1.77–32.67)

0.006

49

1.27

(0.49–3.29)

0.630

1.20

(0.40–3.62)

0.743

DMARDs, ever used

No sDMARDs nor bDMARDs ever used

15

Ref

  

Ref

  

37

Ref

  

Ref

  

sDMARDs, but no bDMARDs ever used

43

2.52

(0.70–9.01)

0.155

3.41

(0.91–12.79)

0.069

38

2.50

(0.87–7.21)

0.090

1.20

(0.37–3.82)

0.764

bDMARDs ever usedc

38

5.67

(1.30–24.66)

0.021

9.20

(1.93–43.97)

0.005

50

1.35

(0.47–3.88)

0.573

1.15

(0.35–3.72)

0.822

Disease statusd

Inactive disease/remission on/off medication

59

Ref

  

Ref

  

74

Ref

  

Ref

  

Continued activity/flare

37

2.81

(0.85–9.32)

0.091

2.65

(0.81–8.65)

0.106

51

3.62

(1.57–8.34)

0.003

3.01

(1.15–7.89)

0.025

MDgloVAS

VAS = 0

63

Ref

  

Ref

  

79

 Ref

  

 Ref

  

VAS > 0

33

2.27

(0.68–7.54)

0.182

2.29

(0.71–7.44)

0.168

46

2.74

(1.21–6.23)

0.016

1.98

(0.77–5.08)

0.156

VAS pain

VAS = 0

36

Ref

  

Ref

  

45

Ref

  

Ref

  

VAS > 0

60

1.27

(0.46–3.56)

0.646

1.13

(0.38–3.42)

0.825

76

4.16

(1.46–11.86)

0.008

4.39

(1.20–16.14)

0.026

PRgloVAS

VAS = 0

25

Ref

  

Ref

  

34

Ref

  

Ref

  

VAS > 0

71

1.91

(0.65–5.61)

0.238

1.69

(0.52–5.50)

0.386

87

3.38

(1.08–10.58)

0.037

2.54

(0.65–9.97)

0.182

CHAQe

CHAQ = 0

37

Ref

  

Ref

  

54

Ref

  

Ref

  

CHAQ > 0

59

1.58

(0.57–4.36)

0.382

1.76

(0.58–5.37)

0.322

71

6.38

(2.26–18.06)

 < 0.001

4.21

(1.40–12.68)

0.011

Dental caries

d1-5ft/D1-5FTf = 0

65

Ref

  

Ref

  

54

Ref

  

Ref

  

d1-5ft/D1-5FTf > 0

29

2.60

(0.69–9.87)

0.160

1.97

(0.49–7.97)

0.342

68

2.04

(0.84–4.96)

0.117

1.63

(0.57–4.65)

0.362

  1. Unadjusted and adjusted ordinary logistic regressions
  2. aAdjusted for: gender, age and educational level of mother and educational level of father. For the adjusted models McFadden’s R2 varied between 7.0%-15.4% (ECOHIS total score > 0) and 10.6%-19.3% (Child-OIDP SC score > 0). bIncludes oligoarthritis extended, polyarthritis RF positive and RF negative, psoriatic arthritis, and enthesitis-related arthritis. cWith or without sDMARDs. dDisease activity according to Wallace [66] and the American College of Rheumatology provisional criteria [67]. eSelf-reported physical disability measured with the disease-specific and validated Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) (0 = no difficulty and 3 = unable to do) [34]. fDecayed and/or filled teeth in the primary or permanent dentition, enamel caries included. Some registrations are missing. *Oligoarthritis extended (n = 11), polyarthritis, RF positive (n = 1) and RF negative (n = 24), psoriatic arthritis (n = 3), and enthesitis-related arthritis (n = 6). **Oligoarthritis extended (n = 11), polyarthritis, RF positive (n = 1) and RF negative (n = 26), psoriatic arthritis (n = 5), and enthesitis-related arthritis (n = 17). RF = rheumatoid factor. sDMARDs = synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. bDMARDs = biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. MDgloVAS = physician's global assessment of disease activity visual analogue scale (VAS). VAS pain = patient/parent-reported pain intensity. PRgloVAS = patient's global assessment of overall wellbeing. All visual analogue scales were measured on a 21-numbered circle VAS (0–10). CHAQ = Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (0 = no disability, 3 = maximum disability). OR = odds ratios. CI = confidence interval. JIA = juvenile idiopathic arthritis. P-values < 0.05 are marked in bold