Biocompatibility and antioxidant activity of a novel carrageenan based injectable hydrogel scaffold incorporated with Cissus quadrangularis: an in vitro study

Table 2 Post-hoc evaluation of biocompatibility among study groups

Pair-wise comparison groups	Mean difference	P value	95% confidence interval
Pair-wise comparison groups	Mean difference	P value	Lower bound	Upper bound
Group I
Group II	− 7.333	.000^¶	− 9.52	− 5.15
Group III	− 19.067	.000^¶	− 21.25	− 16.88
Group IV	− 22.333	.000^¶	− 24.52	− 20.15
Group II
Group I	7.333	.000^¶	5.15	9.52
Group III	− 11.733	.000^¶	− 13.92	− 9.55
Group IV	− 15.000	.000^¶	− 17.18	− 12.82
Group III
Group I	19.067	.000^¶	16.88	21.25
Group II	11.733	.000^¶	9.55	13.92
Group IV	− 3.267	.001^€	− 5.45	− 1.08
Group IV
Group I	22.333	.000^¶	20.15	24.52
Group III	15.000	.000^¶	12.82	17.18
Group IV	3.267	.001^€	1.08	5.45

Group I: Carrageenan hydrogel (without any addition of Cissus quadrangularis; Group II: Carrageenan hydrogel with 10% w/v of Cissus quadrangularis aqueous extracts; Group III: Carrageenan hydrogel with 20% w/v of Cissus quadrangularis aqueous extracts; Group IV: Carrageenan hydrogel with 30% w/v of Cissus quadrangularis aqueous extracts; Intergroup comparison was carried out with one-way ANOVA, which showed a statistically significant difference in biocompatibility
^¶p < 0.001; ^€P < 0.01