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Table 3 Differences by sex and age groups in the association between COVID-19 infection and reported oral conditions using multilevel analysis

From: A multi-country study on the impact of sex and age on oral features of COVID-19 infection in adolescents and young adults

Dependent variables

Association with COVID-19 infection

Association with COVID-19 infection by age

P for interaction with age

Association with COVID-19 infection by sex

P for interaction with sex

AOR (95%CI)

P value

18–23

15–17

11–14

Male

Female

Gingival inflammation

1.17 (0.89, 1.53)

0.26

1.11 (0.76, 1.62)

1.94 (1.19, 3.15)*

1.73 (0.82, 3.66)

0.63

1.30 (0.85, 1.98)

1.09 (0.82, 1.45)

0.04*

Dry mouth

1.31 (1.11, 1.55)

0.002*

1.31 (1.10, 1.56)*

1.65 (0.80, 3.39)

1.48 (0.42, 5.20)

0.02*

1.42 (1.07, 1.89)*

1.25 (0.94, 1.66)

0.02*

Change in taste

4.11 (3.28, 5.16)

< 0.001*

2.70 (2.19, 3.34)*

5.79 (2.76, 12.16)*

2.28 (0.97, 5.35)

< 0.001*

2.46 (2.10, 2.89)*

4.92 (3.07, 7.96)*

< 0.001*

Burns or ulcers

1.20 (0.81, 1.79)

0.37

1.17 (0.80, 1.70)

1.24 (0.80, 1.92)

1.70 (0.63, 4.59)

0.96

1.22 (0.75, 2.00)

1.18 (0.83, 1.69)

0.61

  1. Adjusted for medical problems, and parents’ education
  2. *: statistically significant at P < 0.05