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Table 1 Inclusion criteria for sample selection

From: Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of dental and skeletal characteristics of skeletal Class I unilateral posterior crossbite in adults

Control group

UPCB group

Dental and skeletal Class I (0° ≤ ANB < 4°) [17] relationship without UPCB

Skeletal Class I (0° ≤ ANB < 4°) [17] malocclusion with UPCB involving at least two posterior teeth, Edge-to-edge tooth was excluded

Average growth pattern (20° ≤ FMA ≤ 30°) [18]

Average growth pattern (20° ≤ FMA ≤ 30°) [18]

All teeth present except the third molars

All teeth present except the third molars

No or mild crowding (< 4 mm)

No or mild crowding (< 4 mm)

Condyle and glenoid fossa with continuous cortical bone

Condyle and glenoid fossa with continuous cortical bone

No previous orthodontic treatment or craniofacial surgery

No previous orthodontic treatment or craniofacial surgery

No crown or cuspal restorations, and no or mild tooth abrasion

No crown or cuspal restorations, and no or mild tooth abrasion

Absence of congenital malformations and craniofacial anomalies

Absence of congenital malformations and craniofacial anomalies

  1. ANB Angle formed by A-point-nasion-B-point; FMA the angle between FH plane and mandibular plane; UPCB unilateral posterior crossbite