Control group | UPCB group | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Right side | Left side | Crossbite side | Non-crossbite side | |||||
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | t value | P value | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | t value | P value | |
Linear measurements | ||||||||
Maxillary transverse width—premolar | ||||||||
Premolar (mm) | 24.28 ± 2.16 | 25.31 ± 1.52 | − 1.808 | 0.086 | 26.19 ± 2.62 | 23.98 ± 1.69 | 3.909 | 0.001* |
Buccal alveolar crest (mm) | 26.11 ± 1.92 | 26.35 ± 1.83 | − 0.457 | 0.645 | 26.56 ± 1.66 | 25.43 ± 1.34 | 2.729 | 0.013* |
Buccal midalveolar (mm) | 26.95 ± 2.05 | 26.99 ± 1.59 | − 0.076 | 0.940 | 27.32 ± 1.70 | 27.14 ± 1.88 | 0.505 | 0.620 |
Palatal alveolar crest (mm) | 17.20 ± 2.11 | 17.47 ± 1.82 | − 0.520 | 0.609 | 18.10 ± 2.09 | 16.93 ± 1.41 | 2.443 | 0.024* |
Palatal midalveolar (mm) | 13.67 ± 1.63 | 14.29 ± 1.62 | − 1.223 | 0.236 | 13.64 ± 1.64 | 14.38 ± 2.06 | − 1.725 | 0.101 |
Maxillary transverse width—molar | ||||||||
Molar (mm) | 27.58 ± 2.03 | 28.37 ± 1.63 | − 1.784 | 0.090 | 29.59 ± 2.52 | 26.44 ± 1.34 | 4.955 | 0.000* |
Buccal alveolar crest (mm) | 29.05 ± 2.00 | 29.59 ± 1.63 | − 1.317 | 0.204 | 29.32 ± 3.21 | 28.56 ± 1.60 | 0.966 | 0.346 |
Buccal midalveolar (mm) | 32.02 ± 1.88 | 32.29 ± 1.93 | − 0.689 | 0.499 | 31.47 ± 3.38 | 31.58 ± 1.77 | − 0.155 | 0.878 |
Palatal alveolar crest (mm) | 17.61 ± 1.79 | 18.31 ± 1.32 | − 1.810 | 0.086 | 18.62 ± 2.28 | 17.17 ± 1.23 | 2.605 | 0.017* |
Palatal midalveolar (mm) | 15.11 ± 1.51 | 15.49 ± 1.39 | − 0.882 | 0.389 | 15.77 ± 2.03 | 15.11 ± 1.75 | 1.295 | 0.211 |
Mandibular transverse width—premolar | ||||||||
Premolar (mm) | 20.18 ± 2.34 | 21.45 ± 1.40 | − 2.302 | 0.033* | 25.77 ± 3.12 | 18.00 ± 1.05 | 9.764 | 0.000* |
Buccal alveolar crest (mm) | 23.80 ± 2.11 | 24.57 ± 1.61 | − 1.340 | 0.196 | 28.47 ± 2.08 | 20.26 ± 1.66 | 13.279 | 0.000* |
Buccal midalveolar (mm) | 24.97 ± 2.26 | 26.25 ± 1.89 | − 1.859 | 0.079 | 29.05 ± 2.77 | 20.73 ± 1.72 | 10.687 | 0.000* |
Lingual alveolar crest (mm) | 15.98 ± 2.37 | 17.04 ± 1.37 | − 1.677 | 0.110 | 21.03 ± 2.86 | 13.52 ± 2.77 | 6.731 | 0.000* |
Lingual midalveolar (mm) | 11.14 ± 3.18 | 12.31 ± 1.83 | − 1.450 | 0.163 | 18.63 ± 2.72 | 9.18 ± 5.39 | 9.343 | 0.000* |
Mandibular transverse width—molar | ||||||||
Premolar (mm) | 24.09 ± 1.98 | 25.51 ± 1.30 | − 3.380 | 0.003* | 29.07 ± 2.05 | 22.65 ± 1.65 | 12.467 | 0.000* |
Buccal alveolar crest (mm) | 28.01 ± 1.94 | 29.18 ± 1.51 | − 2.437 | 0.025* | 32.70 ± 2.06 | 24.981 ± 1.52 | 13.440 | 0.000* |
Buccal midalveolar (mm) | 30.65 ± 2.24 | 32.24 ± 1.67 | − 2.586 | 0.018* | 34.89 ± 2.22 | 26.45 ± 1.66 | 11.895 | 0.000* |
Lingual alveolar crest (mm) | 18.30 ± 2.17 | 19.55 ± 1.43 | − 2.446 | 0.024* | 23.71 ± 1.81 | 15.31 ± 1.37 | 16.887 | 0.000* |
Lingual midalveolar (mm) | 15.99 ± 2.36 | 17.00 ± 1.68 | − 1.717 | 0.102 | 21.99 ± 2.65 | 12.23 ± 1.84 | 15.682 | 0.000* |
Angular measurements | ||||||||
Inclinations if maxillary teeth | ||||||||
Premolar (°) | 0.67 ± 5.22 | 1.52 ± 3.29 | − 0.740 | 0.468 | 3.90 ± 6.82 | − 1.43 ± 4.36 | 3.198 | 0.005* |
Molar (°) | 3.90 ± 5.04 | 7.63 ± 3.61 | − 3.409 | 0.003* | 9.25 ± 8.38 | 0.14 ± 3.90 | 4.104 | 0.001* |
Inclinations if mandibular teeth | ||||||||
Premolar (°) | − 9.08 ± 5.22 | − 10.64 ± 4.03 | 1.198 | 0.246 | − 13.91 ± 5.35 | − 3.85 ± 4.75 | − 6.519 | 0.000* |
Molar (°) | − 15.47 ± 3.55 | − 15.95 ± 4.11 | 0.323 | 0.751 | − 17.45 ± 6.20 | − 9.27 ± 5.09 | − 4.542 | 0.000* |