Table 1 Participant’ recruited criteria
The inclusion criteria | (i) Participants with no systemic diseases or treatments |
(ii) Reliable and cooperative patients | |
(iii) 6–17 years old (school-aged children/teenagers) | |
(iv)Subjects with insufficient sleep (sleep duration of fewer than 7Â h) and sufficient sleep (sleep duration of more than 7Â h) | |
(v)No smoking history | |
(vi) No obesity | |
The exclusion criteria | (i) Addictive participants on alcohol/ cigarettes/drug/ |
(ii) Obesity | |
(iii) ongoing orthodontic treatment | |
(iv) Unreliable and uncooperative patients |