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Table 2 Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios for recent non-use of dental services.

From: Factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services by students from a university in southeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Variable

%

Crude PR (95%CI)

pa

Block-adjusted PR (95%CI)

pb

Adjusted PR-final model (95%CI)

pb

Block 1-Predisposing factors

Socio-demographic characteristics

Gender

  

0.009

    

 Cisgender woman

16.3

1.22 (0.97–1.54)

     

 Cisgender man

24.7

1.17 (0.92–1.48)

     

 Transgender, agender or nonbinary

50.0

1

     

Father’s level of education

  

0.032

    

 Did not study/Did not finish elementary school

25.0

0.93 (0.87–0.98)

     

 Elementary school/Did not finish high school

15.8

0.98 (0.92–1.04)

     

 High school degree/Did not finish undergrad degree

22.0

0.94 (0.90–0.99)

     

 University degree/Graduate degree

11.4

1

     

Type of high school institution

  

0.028

    

 Public

23.5

1.54 (1.06–2.25)

     

 Private

15.2

1

     

Health beliefs and behaviors

Reason for last dental appointment in the last 2 years

  

 < 0.001

 

0.031

  

 Symptomatic

12.4

4.23 (1.84–9.74)

 

0.96 (0.93–0.99)

   

 Prevention

2.9

1

 

1

   

Use of dental services in childhood

  

0.007

    

 No

25.1

1.65 (1.15–2.39)

     

 Yes

15.2

1

     

Block 2-Enabling factors

Monthly family income

  

0.015

    

 Up to 1.5 minimum wage

28.7

0.92 (0.86–0.98)

     

 From 1.5 to 3 minimum wages

22.4

0.95 (0.90–1.01)

     

 From 3 to 6 minimum wages

14.8

0.99 (0.95–1.04)

     

 Over 6 minimum wages

13.8

1

     

Type of service used in last dental appointment

  

 < 0.001

 

 < 0.001

 

0.007

 Public

50.8

3.59 (2.56–5.03)

 

0.81 (0.75–0.88)

 

0.91 (0.85–0.98)

 

 Private

14.1

1

 

1

 

1

 

Status at last dental appointment

  

 < 0.001

 

0.017

  

 Very bad/Bad/Regular

42.1

2,40 (1.57–3.67)

 

0.89 (0.81–0.98)

   

 Very good/Good

17.5

1

 

1

   

Block 3-Need factors

Self-perceived oral health

  

 < 0.001

 

0.005

  

 Bad/Regular

41.4

2.51 (1.73–3.65)

 

0.88 (0.81–0.96)

   

 Excellent/Good/Very good

16.5

1

 

1

   

Satisfaction with appearance of teeth and mouth

  

0.008

    

 Very unhappy/Unhappy/Neither happy nor unhappy

25.1

1.64 (1.14–2.36)

     

 Very happy/Happy

15.3

1

     

Self-perceived need for dental treatment

  

 < 0.001

 

0.009

 

0.018

 Yes

25.1

2.21 (1.42–3.44)

 

0.95 (0.91–0.99)

 

0.98 (0.97–0.99)

 

 No

11.3

1

 

1

 

1

 
  1. PR prevalence ratio, 95%CI Confidence interval
  2. aPearson’s chi-square test
  3. bPoisson regression with robust variance