Comprehensive positional and morphological assessments of the temporomandibular joint in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion: a retrospective CBCT study

Table 4 Mean values of TMJ measurements according to vertical skeletal patterns in participants with skeletal Class III malocclusion

Measurements	Hypodivergent		Normodivergent		Hyperdivergent		ANOVA	Multiple comparison Tukey's HSD test (P value)
Measurements	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	ANOVA	Hypodivergent–Normodivergent	Hypodivergent–Hyperdivergent	Normdivergent–Hyperdivergent
Skeletal measurement
FH-GoGn	18.84	2.48	24.88	1.84	32.34	2.07	0.000***	0.000***	0.000***	0.000***
TMJ space
MS	2.24	0.59	2.09	0.45	1.94	0.63	0.138	0.582	0.115	0.568
LS	2.00	0.58	1.80	0.38	1.78	0.47	0.149	0.235	0.185	0.990
SS	2.81	0.73	2.39	0.59	1.87	0.63	0.000***	0.037*	0.000***	0.009**
AS	2.02	0.77	1.89	0.46	1.70	0.39	0.098	0.662	0.082	0.398
PS	1.94	0.51	1.95	0.41	1.85	0.45	0.676	0.993	0.761	0.693
Anteroposterior condylar position	0.00	0.19	0.02	0.13	0.04	0.12	0.516	0.822	0.483	0.843
TMJ shape
MIC	17.72	4.13	16.46	3.73	15.80	4.16	0.177	0.449	0.160	0.801
LIC	18.10	4.98	16.71	4.17	16.15	5.01	0.267	0.497	0.255	0.890
AIC	28.67	5.89	26.52	5.05	25.68	5.70	0.105	0.295	0.099	0.829
PIC	25.84	5.50	28.30	5.34	28.68	5.90	0.107	0.208	0.125	0.963
HF	7.04	1.20	6.21	0.98	6.15	0.73	0.001**	0.005**	0.002**	0.970
WF	19.35	1.80	18.69	1.57	18.40	2.12	0.13	0.351	0.12	0.818
AEH	6.63	1.48	5.50	1.11	5.43	0.77	0.000***	0.001**	0.000***	0.973
AEI	55.72	12.86	44.27	8.54	40.43	11.42	0.000***	0.000***	0.000***	0.377
LAC	18.71	1.66	18.65	1.92	17.65	2.05	0.055	0.992	0.080	0.105
MAC	8.93	0.93	8.94	0.86	8.58	0.87	0.217	0.329	0.343	1.000

P, P value; MS, medial space; LS, lateral space; SS, superior space; AS, anterior space; PS, posterior space; MIC, medial inclination of the mandibular condyle; LIC, lateral inclination of the mandibular condyle; AIC, anterior inclination of the mandibular condyle; PIC, posterior inclination of the mandibular condyle; WF, width of the glenoid fossa; HF, height of the glenoid fossa; AEH, articular eminence height; AEI, articular eminence inclination; LAC, long axis of the condyle; MAC, minor axis of the condyle
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001

ISSN: 1472-6831