Table 3 Clinical outcomes observed between the groups

O’Leary index

Saline

59.00 ± 6.30^a

54.63 ± 7.20^a

52.47 ± 6.41^a

0.239

Lespedeza cuneata extract

60.50 ± 7.21^a

37.30 ± 4.43^b

19.78 ± 5.31^c

0.000

^￥p-value

0.673

0.000

0.000

Plaque index (PI)

Saline

2.43 ± 0.25^a

2.27 ± 0.34^a

2.16 ± 0.35^a

0.294

Lespedeza cuneata extract

2.42 ± 0.20^a

1.62 ± 0.1^b

0.84 ± 0.24^c

0.000

^￥p-value

0.912

0.000

0.000

Gingival index (GI)

Saline

1.60 ± 0.33^a

1.56 ± 0.32^a

1.43 ± 0.26^a

0.553

Lespedeza cuneata extract

1.63 ± 0.26^a

0.87 ± 0.20^b

0.51 ± 0.14^c

0.000

^￥p-value

0.846

0.000

0.000