Fig. 1

Measurement methods. A digital camera was used to take pictures perpendicular to the papilla and cervical 1/2 of the crown. Line 1: start from the most coronal point of marginal gingiva of uninjured adjacent teeth. Line 2: start from papilla, going in a direction perpendicular to line 1. Line 3: start from the most incisal point of the adjacent crown, in a direction perpendicular to line 1. Ratio of papilla height to crown length (V) = L2/L3