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Table 3 Linear regression model analysis of the influence of potential confounders on the gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI)

From: Effects of blue-light LED toothbrush on reducing dental plaque and gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances: a crossover randomized controlled trial

Variables

Univariate model

Multivariate model

R2

β (SE)

Std

Co

P-value

R2

β (SE)

Std

Co

P-value

ΔGI

Bracket side

Age

0.007

0.006 (0.011)

0.086

0.571

0.094

0.009 (0.011)

0.128

0.408

Order of toothbrushes

0.001

− 0.011 (0.046)

− 0.036

0.811

− 0.029 (0.052)

− 0.093

0.582

Satisfaction score

0.003

0.036 (0.098)

0.055

0.715

0.019 (0.105)

0.029

0.857

Compliance score

0.010

0.063 (0.094)

0.101

0.505

0.024 (0.098)

0.039

0.805

ΔPlaque index

0.064

0.212 (0.122)

0.254

0.089

0.243 (0.134)

0.291

0.077

ΔGI

Non-Bracket side

Age

0.100

0.021 (0.009)

0.316

0.032*

0.124

0.018 (0.010)

0.280

0.074

Order of toothbrushes

0.005

− 0.021 (0.43)

− 0.072

0.636

− 0.012 (0.045)

− 0.043

0.784

Satisfaction score

0.016

0.077 (0.090)

0.128

0.398

0.095 (0.094)

0.157

0.318

Compliance score

0.002

0.026 (0.087)

0.044

0.771

0.026 (0.089)

0.045

0.773

ΔPlaque index

0.044

− 0.207 (0.146)

0.0209

0.163

− 0.176 (0.158)

0.178

0.269

ΔPI

Bracket side

Age

0.021

− 0.012 (0.013)

− 0.146

0.334

0.117

− 0.013 (0.012)

− 0.150

0.316

Order of toothbrushes

0.062

0.092 (0.054)

0.250

0.094

0.111 (0.058)

0.300

0.062

Satisfaction score

0.000

0.005 (0.118)

0.006

0.967

0.051 (0.122)

0.066

0.677

Compliance score

0.014

0.089 (0.112)

0.119

0.431

0.127 (0.112)

0.170

0.265

ΔPI

Non-Bracket side

Age

0.068

− 0.017 (0.010)

− 0.260

0.081

0.162

− 0.018 (0.010)

− 0.270

0.067

Order of toothbrushes

0.027

− 0.048 (0.043)

-165

0.274

− 0.090 (0.044)

− 0.104

0.498

Satisfaction score

0.022

0.090 (0.091)

0.147

0.330

0.034 (0.093)

0.055

0.718

Compliance score

0.069

0.153 (0.085)

0.262

0.079

0.148 (0.086)

0.252

0.092

  1. SE – standard error, Std Co - standardized coefficients, *Significant difference (P < 0.05)