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Table 1 Patient and implant characteristics

From: Effects of crown-to-implant ratio on marginal bone level and bone density in non-splinted single implants: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Anatomical

C/I ratio ≥ 2

Anatomical

C/I ratio < 2

P-value

Baseline sample characteristics

n

18

55

 

Male/female

10/8

24/31

0.379

Age(y, mean ± SD)

54.39 ± 8.65

52.40 ± 12.94

0.550

Diabetes (n)

0

3

0.570

Smoking (n)

3

8

 > 0.99

Baseline implant characteristics

n

31

86

 

GBR (n)

1

2

 > 0.99

Follow-up (m, mean ± SD)

35.03 ± 12.49

36.66 ± 9.51

0.457

Anatomical

C/I ratio (mean ± SD)

2.33 ± 0.27

1.58 ± 0.29

 < 0.001*

Localization

PM maxilla (n)

3

22

0.064

PM mandible (n)

0

3

0.564

M maxilla (n)

19

27

0.003*

M mandible (n)

9

34

0.298

Crown

full monolithic

zirconia (n)

29

84

0.612

Porcelain (n)

2

2

Antagonist type

Natural teeth (n)

25

78

0.248

Implant (n)

4

5

0.381

Removable (n)

1

1

0.461

others (n)

1

2

 > 0.99

Outcome characteristics

Peri-implant probing depth (mm, mean ± SD)

3.73 ± 1.18

2.90 ± 0.71

0.001*

Peri-implant bleeding index

1.29 ± 0.93

0.90 ± 0.93

0.036*

Peri-implant plaque index

0.73 ± 0.63

0.67 ± 0.53

0.825

Width of keratinized tissue

3.42 ± 1.89

3.24 ± 1.37

0.639

Marginal bone level

Changes (mm, mean ± SD)

0.24 ± 0.99

0.30 ± 0.97

0.848

\({\varvec{\Delta}}\) GSV M (grey, mean ± SD)

5.10 ± 13.51

1.43 ± 12.84

0.295

\({\varvec{\Delta}}\) GSV A (grey, mean ± SD)

-1.70 ± 15.21

-4.93 ± 16.89

0.494

Peri-implantitis (n, %)

1 (3.2%)

1 (1.2%)

0.461

Peri-implant mucositis (n, %)

23 (74.2%)

53 (61.6%)

0.209

  1. Abbreviations: C/I ratio Crown-to-implant ratio, GBR Guided bone regeneration, M Molar, PM Premolar, \(\Delta\) GSV M Changes of grey-scale value at middle peri-implant area, \(\boldsymbol{\Delta }\) GSV A Changes of grey-scale value at apical peri-implant area
  2. *P-value < 0.05