Table 2 Comparison among the instruments of the amount of material removed* (mm ² ) from canal walls

Outer wall

GTX

0.06 ± 0.02^a

0.09 ± 0.02^a

0.11 ± 0.02^a

0.11 ± 0.02^a

0.08 ± 0.02^a

0.07 ± 0.02^a

0.16 ± 0.02^a

0.24 ± 0.01^a

0.26 ± 0.02^a

0.24 ± 0.02^a

TF

0.07 ± 0.04^a

0.06 ± 0.03^a

0.09 ± 0.03^a

0.12 ± 0.02^a

0.08 ± 0.01^a

0.07 ± 0.02^a

0.13 ± 0.02^b

0.19 ± 0.02^b

0.22 ± 0.02^b

0.22 ± 0.02^b

AK

0.07 ± 0.02^a

0.07 ± 0.02^a

0.10 ± 0.02^a

0.13 ± 0.02^a

0.10 ± 0.03^a

0.06 ± 0.01^a

0.09 ± 0.01^c

0.14 ± 0.01^c

0.15 ± 0.02^c

0.15 ± 0.02^c

Inner wall

GTX

0.02 ± 0.01^a

0.03 ± 0.02^a

0.04 ± 0.03^a

0.08 ± 0.04^a

0.15 ± 0.03^a

0.18 ± 0.02^a

0.17 ± 0.02^a

0.16 ± 0.02^a

0.15 ± 0.02^a

0.12 ± 0.03^a

TF

0.03 ± 0.02^a

0.04 ± 0.03^a

0.02 ± 0.03^a

0.04 ± 0.02^b

0.14 ± 0.02^a

0.18 ± 0.02^a

0.14 ± 0.02^b

0.11 ± 0.03^b

0.10 ± 0.03^b

0.09 ± 0.04^a.b

AK

0.04 ± 0.01^a

0.04 ± 0.01^a

0.04 ± 0.01^a

0.04 ± 0.02^b

0.11 ± 0.02^b

0.15 ± 0.02^b

0.10 ± 0.02^c

0.08 ± 0.01^c

0.08 ± 0.01^b

0.08 ± 0.02^b