The differences in healthcare utilization for dental caries based on the implementation of water fluoridation in South Korea

Cho, Myung-Soo; Han, Kyu-Tae; Park, Sohee; Moon, Ki Tae; Park, Eun-Cheol

doi:10.1186/s12903-016-0311-z

Table 4 The results of subgroup analysis for survival analysis, negative binomial regression, and regression by pre-dental care and patient age

From: The differences in healthcare utilization for dental caries based on the implementation of water fluoridation in South Korea

Sub group		Variables	Dental visits^a				Only patient with dental care visit
			Dental visits^a				Number of dental care visits^b			Dental care costs (KRW)^c
			HR	95 % CI		P-value	β	SE	P-value	β	SE	P-value
Experience of pre-dental care in previous year	With	Water fluoridation					0.043	0.041	0.2901	0.064	0.047	0.1712
	With	Period from implementation of water fluoridation					−0.007	0.004	0.0689	−0.003	0.004	0.4521
	Without	Water fluoridation					−0.031	0.015	0.0424	−0.009	0.018	0.6180
	Without	Period from implementation of water fluoridation					−0.002	0.001	0.0959	−0.004	0.002	0.0115
Income (percentile)	−50 %	Water fluoridation	0.934	0.900	0.968	0.0002	−0.0532	0.0247	0.0315	−0.0106	0.0288	0.7131
	−50 %	Period from implementation of water fluoridation	1.001	0.996	1.006	0.6484	−0.0004	0.0022	0.8424	−0.0026	0.0025	0.2927
	51 %	Water fluoridation	0.957	0.930	0.985	0.0032	−0.0083	0.0178	0.6422	0.0173	0.0212	0.4162
	51 %	Period from implementation of water fluoridation	0.997	0.993	1.000	0.0792	−0.0050	0.0016	0.0014	−0.0056	0.0018	0.0020
	−19	Water fluoridation	0.941	0.906	0.976	0.0013	−0.0086	0.0232	0.7117	0.0048	0.0276	0.8617
	−19	Period from implementation of water fluoridation	0.996	0.992	1.001	0.1132	−0.0070	0.0021	0.0007	−0.0054	0.0025	0.0270
Age group	20–39	Water fluoridation	0.959	0.922	0.998	0.0408	−0.0113	0.0263	0.6675	0.0274	0.0309	0.3755
	20–39	Period from implementation of water fluoridation	1.001	0.996	1.006	0.8145	−0.0034	0.0023	0.1495	−0.0068	0.0027	0.0104
	40–59	Water fluoridation	0.952	0.908	0.999	0.0461	−0.0568	0.0301	0.0595	−0.0211	0.0352	0.5493
	40–59	Period from implementation of water fluoridation	1.000	0.994	1.006	0.9847	−0.0001	0.0026	0.9676	−0.0025	0.0029	0.3957
	60+	Water fluoridation	0.912	0.840	0.991	0.0297	−0.0518	0.0465	0.2648	0.0010	0.0568	0.9864
	60+	Period from implementation of water fluoridation	0.998	0.987	1.010	0.7551	0.0022	0.0039	0.5666	0.0008	0.0048	0.8707

The reference level of water fluoridation was that of regions without a program, and the period since the implementation of water fluoridation was a continuous variable
The bold face indicates statistically significant results
These were results of sub group analyses for survival analysis and negative binomial regression analyses
^aThe survival analysis using cox proportional hazard models was applied to investigate the association with the risk of dental care visits
^bThe negative binomial regression using GEE model was performed for patients who had experienced a dental care visit at least once per year to investigate the associations with dental care visits.
^cThe regression using GEE model was performed for patients who had experienced a dental care visit at least once per year to investigate the associations with dental care costs

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ISSN: 1472-6831

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