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Table 6 False negative rate (FNR) results (mean and standard deviation) of the five-fold cross-validation evaluated on the consensus test set. The best metrics are highlighted in bold

From: AI-Dentify: deep learning for proximal caries detection on bitewing x-ray - HUNT4 Oral Health Study

Model

Enamel caries

Dentine caries

Secondary lesion

mFNR

YOLOv5 M

0.153 ± 0.021

0.215 ± 0.032

0.160 ± 0.035

0.176 ± 0.025

RetinaNet

0.185 ± 0.060

0.364 ± 0.044

0.200 ± 0.045

0.250 ± 0.031

EfficientDet D0

0.606 ± 0.060

0.636 ± 0.020

0.533 ± 0.020

0.592 ± 0.025

EfficientDet D1

0.479 ± 0.018

0.524 ± 0.020

0.459 ± 0.021

0.487 ± 0.011