Table 2 Microgaps of all implant systems under different loading conditions measured using synchrotron-based radiographies and phase-contrast radioscopy. (According to Zabler et al. an uncertainty of 50% can be assumed for microgaps up to 2 μm, whereas larger microgaps are determined with 2 μm uncertainty [31]).

Prior to loading

UL

0.3

1.3

4.5

4.5

0.7

0.5

6

1.5

LL

3.0

1.2

5.5

5.3

1.4

0.2

6

0.8

LR

2.2

4

5.4

4

2

0.8

8

6

UR

0.3

0.7

0.2

1.9

0.2

0.3

0.7

9

30 N at 90°

UL

2.3

2.4

8

7

1

0.6

5

15

LL

3.8

2.6

9

11

4

0.3

9

0.6

LR

3.2

4.5

6

5

1.6

0.2

9

11

UR

0.3

1.3

0.2

2.2

0.5

0.2

1.4

2

100 N at 90°

UL

11

9.5

38

40.5

13

6

29

32

LL

8

7

36

39

11

2.5

12

7

LR

3.3

5

0.8

1.5

2.4

0.4

14

13

UR

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.2

200 N at 30°

UL

3

4.2

23

26

6.5

4

20

20

LL

3.3

1.3

25

26

3.4

0.3

8

1.5

LR

2.1

6

1.8

0.8

1.7

0.4

10

13

UR

0.2

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3