Table 2 Bivariate and multivariate analyses, Poisson regression; adults aged 35 to 44 years (N = 1138)
Variables | Severity of caries DMFT | Prevalence ratio PR (95%CI)* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic profile and health-related behavior (individual level) | DMFT <14 N ( %) | DMFT ≥ 14 N ( %) | Bivariate p | Multivariate p |
Gender | ||||
Male | 136 (35.3) | 249 (67.7) | 1 | |
Female | 214 (28.4) | 539 (71.6) | 1.11 (1.00-1.24) p = 0.049 | - |
Age | ||||
35-39 years | 207 (36.4) | 362 (63.6) | 1 | 1 |
40-44 years | 143 (25.1) | 426 (74.9) | 1.15 (1.04-1.26) p = 0.005 | 1.15 (1.04-1.26) p = 0.007 |
Marital status § | ||||
Others | 124 (34.3) | 238 (65.7) | 1 | |
Married/stable union | 222 (28.9) | 547 (71.1) | 1.05 (0.94-1.17) p = 0.386 | - |
Food preference § | ||||
Salty | 252 (30.7) | 570 (69.3) | 1 | |
Sweet | 55 (29.1) | 134 (70.9) | 1.02 (0.89-1.18) p = 0.746 | - |
Use of dental floss § | ||||
No | 91 (30.6) | 206 (69.4) | 1 | |
Yes | 242 (30.4) | 554 (69.6) | 1.02 (0.92-1.14) p = 0.677 | - |
Use of toothpaste § | ||||
No | 10 (30.3) | 23 (69.7) | 1 | |
Yes | 278 (29.8) | 655 (70.2) | 1.19 (0.74-1.90) p = 0.472 | - |
Regular visits to dentist § | ||||
No | 238 (33.4) | 474 (66.6) | 1 | |
Yes | 103 (25.8) | 296 (74.2) | 1.15 (1.05-1.27) p = 0.004 | 1.18 (1.07-1.30) p = 0.001 |
Psychological reactions (individual level) | DMFT <14 N (%) | DMFT ≥ 14 N (%) | PR(95%CI)* Bivariate p | PR(95%CI)* Multivariate p |
Has negative feelings § | ||||
Yes | 82 (32.9) | 167 (67.1) | 1 | |
No | 249 (29.6) | 593 (70.4) | 1.08 (0.95-1.23) p = 0.234 | - |
Considers self happy § | ||||
Yes | 266 (31.6) | 577 (68.4) | 1 | |
No | 80 (28.0) | 206 (72.0) | 1.00 (0.89-1.12) p = 0.995 | - |
Capable of coping with stress § | ||||
No | 36 (32.7) | 74 (67.3) | 1 | |
Yes | 306 (30.3) | 705 (69.7) | 1.07 (0.89-1.29) p = 0.455 | - |
Socioeconomic status and use of healthcare services (social structure) | DMFT < 14 N (%) | DMFT ≥ 14 N (%) | PR(95%CI)* Bivariate p | PR(95%CI)* Multivariate p |
Satisfaction with access to services | ||||
Yes | 138 (31.2) | 304 (68.8) | 1 | |
No | 208 (30.3) | 479 (69.7) | 1.04 (0.94-1.15) p = 0.482 | - |
Services most used § | ||||
Public | 105 (31.6) | 227 (68.4) | 1 | |
Others | 235 (30.0) | 548 (70.0) | 1.01 (0.91-1.12) p = 0.854 | - |
Problem obtaining appointment | ||||
No | 183 (29.9) | 429 (70.1) | 1 | |
Yes | 89 (28.8) | 220 (71.2) | 1.02 (0.91-1.13) p = 0.759 | - |
Monthly household income § | ||||
> US$600 | 191 (34.6) | 361 (65.4) | 1 | 1 |
≤ US$600 | 159 (27.1) | 427 (72.9) | 1.09 (0.99-1.20) p = 0.087 | 1.11 (1.01-1.23) p = 0.037 |
Schooling* | ||||
University | 34 (36.2) | 60 (63.8) | 1 | |
Non-university | 316 (30.4) | 723 (69.6) 1 | 1.17 (0.95-1.46) p = 0.147 | - |
Social capital (social context) | DMFT <14 N ( %) | DMFT ≥ 14 N ( %) | PR(95%CI)* Bivariate p | PR(95%CI)* Multivariate p |
Participation in groups | ||||
No | 274 (31.6) | 592 (68.4) | 1 | |
Yes | 76 (27.9) | 196 (72.1) | 1.08 (0.97-1.20) p = 0.143 | - |
Has persons willing to assist financially § | ||||
Yes | 216 (31.6) | 468 (68.4) | 1 | |
No | 131 (29.4) | 315 (70.6) | 1.01 (0.92-1.12) p = 0.817 | - |
Security at home § | ||||
Yes | 135 (34.5) | 256 (65.5) | 1 | |
No | 213 (28.9) | 525 (71.1) | 1.07 (0.96-1.18) p = 0.213 | - |
Community petitioned authorities for neighborhood benefits § | ||||
Yes | 165 (33.4) | 329 (66.6) | 1 | 1 |
No | 175 (29.0) | 428 (71.0) | 1.16 (1.05-1.28) p = 0.004 | 1.16 (1.05-1.28) p = 0.003 |
Capable of making decisions | ||||
Yes | 273 (32.3) | 572 (67.7) | 1 | 1 |
No | 75 (26.0) | 214 (74.0) | 1.12 (1.01-1.24) p = 0.028 | 1.12 (1.01-1.24) p = 0.012 |