Table 2 Relationship between DDE in permanent teeth and birth conditions, type of feeding and illness in the first month of life
Factor | Groups | Number of children in group | Number of children with DDE | Percentage of children with DDE | p-value before any adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delivery type | Natural | 506 | 247 | 48.8 | |
Aided | 11 | 8 | 72.7 | 0.182 | |
Cesarean | 414 | 191 | 46.1 | ||
Birth weight (g) | < 2500 | 94 | 42 | 44.7 | |
2500-4000 | 763 | 367 | 48.1 | 0.639 | |
> 4000 | 59 | 30 | 50.8 | ||
Gestational age (weeks) | < 38 | 308 | 151 | 49.0 | |
38-42 | 489 | 232 | 47.4 | 0.842 | |
> 42 | 21 | 11 | 52.4 | ||
Birth Apgar score | < 7 | 61 | 39 | 63.9 | 0.011 |
≥7 | 913 | 430 | 47.1 | ||
Birth order | 1st | 453 | 228 | 50.3 | |
2nd | 240 | 124 | 51.7 | 0.016 | |
3rd or later | 237 | 95 | 40.1 | ||
Number of newborns deliveries | Single | 953 | 458 | 48.1 | 0.539 |
Multiple (Twins or triplets) | 20 | 11 | 55.0 | ||
Mother’s age at delivery (years) | < 20 | 167 | 79 | 47.3 | |
20-35 | 715 | 340 | 47.6 | 0.948 | |
>35 | 44 | 22 | 50.0 | ||
Feeding in the first month | Breast milk | 833 | 394 | 47.3 | |
Formula | 37 | 17 | 45.9 | 0.429 | |
Both | 61 | 34 | 55.7 | ||
Illness in the first month | Yes | 144 | 81 | 56.3 | 0.035 |
No | 830 | 388 | 46.7 |