From: The reasons for betel-quid chewing scale: assessment of factor structure, reliability, and validity
Reinforcement | Social/cultural | Stimulation | |
---|---|---|---|
Began chewing because enjoyed the taste | 0.20 (0.05)** | −0.04 (0.05) | −0.03 (0.05) |
Not chewing is a cultural insult | 0.09 (0.04)* | 0.17 (0.05)* | −0.03 (0.05) |
Family members chew | 0.00 (0.05) | 0.11 (0.05)* | 0.07 (0.05) |
Chewing is socially important | 0.41 (0.05)** | 0.47 (0.05)** | 0.36 (0.05)** |
Chews per day | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.02 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.05) |
Betel-quid dependence | 0.10 (0.05)* | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.28 (0.05)** |
Chewing betel-quid plus tobacco | −0.10 (0.05) | −0.07 (0.06) | −0.01 (0.05) |