Table 2 Means, standard deviations, mean differences, and p-values for facial morphologic value differences between male and female subjects
Measurements | Male | Female | Mean difference (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
Face (mm) | ||||
Face height | 120.40 (8.22) | 119.69 (4.25) | 3.48 (0.20; 6.75) | 0.038* |
Lower face height | 66.77 (8.05) | 65.99 (4.22) | 2.77 (−0.46; 6.00) | 0.003** |
Middle facial width | 134.97 (5.44) | 128.22 (6.37) | 9.04 (6.49; 11.60) | 0.000*** |
Facial width | 114.42 (4.63) | 110.73 (5.06) | 7.39 (4.23; 10.55) | 0.000*** |
Mandible width | 113.52 (6.23) | 107.58 (7.51) | 6.91 (2.80; 11.01) | 0.001*** |
Right mandibular body length | 92.56 (13.33) | 83.48 (7.45) | 7.74 (1.78; 13.70) | 0.002** |
Left mandibular body length | 92.48 (13.96) | 83.97 (6.89) | 7.12 (1.05; 13.18) | 0.008** |
Nose (mm) | ||||
Nose height | 56.94 (4.45) | 56.17 (2.83) | 1.58 (0.01; 3.15) | 0.049* |
Nasal bridge length | 48.35 (4.76) | 47.56 (2.97) | 1.97 (0.04; 3.52) | 0.012* |
Nasal width | 36.62 (3.28) | 31.15 (2.21) | 5.23 (3.97; 6.50) | 0.000*** |
Alar base root width | 23.17 (6.07) | 20.17 (3.85) | 3.20 (1.25; 5.15) | 0.002** |
Ocular (mm) | ||||
Biocular width | 90.40 (4.68) | 86.58 (3.20) | 4.83 (3.14; 6.53) | 0.000*** |
Intercantal width | 32.52 (4.52) | 31.38 (2.78) | 2.27 (0.56; 3.98 | 0.010** |
Biorbitale width | 76.06 (4.79) | 71.97 (4.62) | 4.53 (2.60; 6.45) | 0.000*** |
Orolabial (mm) | ||||
Vermilion height | 13.07 (3.75) | 11.83 (2.45) | 1.52 (0.34; 2.70) | 0.040* |
Mouth width | 51.11 (4.77) | 47.34 (3.65) | 4.21 (2.26; 6.17) | 0.000*** |
Philtrum width | 10.62 (2.43) | 9.29 (1.95) | 1.73 (0.82; 2.64 | 0.000*** |
lower lip height | 20.25 (3.20) | 19.32 (3.69) | 1.95 (−1.19; 2.59) | 0.695 |
Chin (mm) | ||||
Chin height | 39.07 (7.01) | 38.14 (3.68) | 2.06 (−0.82; 4.95) | 0.004** |
B-Pg | 6.61 (2.34) | 5.69 (1.70) | 1.57 (0.37; 2.76) | 0.011* |
Pg-Me | 12.91 (3.22) | 12.08 (2.98) | 1.77 (0.42; 3.11) | 0.011* |
Angular measurements (°) | ||||
Nasolabial angle | 28.22 (4.32) | 24.26 (4.30) | 3.92 (1.89; 5.95) | 0.000*** |
Nasomental angle | 30.77 (4.00) | 28.62 (3.20) | 1.94 (0.54; 3.35) | 0.000*** |
Transverse nasal prominence | 43.82 (2.08) | 41.64 (2.63) | 2.76 (1.50; 4.01) | 0.000*** |
Transverse upper lip prominence | 35.82 (8.71) | 35.53 (3.49) | 0.63 (−0.86; 2.08) | 0.402 |
Transverse mandibular prominence | 50.62 (3.61) | 49.91 (4.20) | 1.22 (−0.41; 2.85 | 0.142 |
Ratio measurements | ||||
Upper face height/mandibular width | 0.50 (0.05) | 0,53 (0.05) | −0.02 (− 0.05; 0.00) | 0.081 |
Lower face height/mandibular width | 0.59 (0.08) | 0.62 (0.06) | −0.01 (− 0.06; 0.03) | 0.784 |
Anterior face height/mandibular width | 1,06 (0,09) | 1.12 (0.09) | −0.04 (− 0.95; 0.01) | 0.140 |
Anterior face height/facial width | 1.05 (0.08) | 1.08 (0.05) | −0.03 (− 0.07; 0.00) | 0.055 |
Intercantal width/nasal width | 0.89 (0.13) | 1.01 (0.11) | − 0.08 (− 0.14; − 0.02) | 0.008** |
Vermilion height/mouth width | 0.26 (0.08) | 0.25 (0.06) | 0.01 (− 0.01; 0.03) | 0.424 |
Chin height/right mandibular body length | 0.42 (0.08) | 0.45 (0.07) | −0.02 (− 0.07; 0.02) | 0.207 |
Chin height/left mandibular body length | 0.43 (0.09) | 0.46 (0.06) | −0.02 (− 0.06; 0.03) | 0.332 |
Nose height/lower face height | 0.87 (0.18) | 0.86 (0.08) | 0.01 (− 0.06; 0.07) | 0.175 |
Nose height/facial width | 0.50 (0.05) | 0.51 (0.03) | −0.02 (− 0.03; 0.00) | 0.063 |
Mouth width/intercantal width | 1.59 (0.21) | 1.52 (1.18) | 0.01 (−0.11; 0.12) | 0.859 |
Mandible width/biocular width | 1.26 (0.08) | 1.24 (0.09) | 0.15 (−0.03; 0.06) | 0.541 |