Table 1 Distribution of samples according to public denture service utilization over the past five years
Variables | Overall distribution (%) | Utilizing public denture service (%) | Not utilizing public denture service (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Overall (N = 38,695) | 100.0 | 22.8 | 77.2 |
Predisposing variables | |||
Age (years):* | |||
60–69 | 55.7 | 47.1 | 58.2 |
70–79 | 30.7 | 36.2 | 29.1 |
80+ | 13.6 | 16.7 | 12.7 |
Sex:* | |||
Male | 44.3 | 40.1 | 45.5 |
Female | 55.7 | 59.0 | 54.5 |
Educational level:* | |||
Uneducated | 11.1 | 10.4 | 11.4 |
Primary or less | 76.2 | 71.2 | 77.7 |
Secondary or Vocational | 8.1 | 11.4 | 7.0 |
At least tertiary | 4.6 | 7.0 | 3.9 |
Asset index of household possession:* | |||
1st quartile | 36.8 | 27.1 | 39.8 |
2nd quartile | 20.9 | 17.7 | 21.9 |
3rd quartile | 20.6 | 22.0 | 20.1 |
4th quartile | 21.7 | 33.2 | 18.2 |
Dependency level (Seattle Care Pathway):* | |||
No dependency | 20.4 | 16.2 | 21.6 |
Pre−/Low dependency | 64.7 | 69.8 | 65.0 |
Moderate dependency | 8.5 | 8.9 | 8.3 |
High dependency | 6.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
Enabling variables | |||
Working status:* | |||
Economically inactive | 58.8 | 56.9 | 65.3 |
Economically active: | |||
Working in agricultural and related sectors | 22.3 | 24.5 | 14.8 |
Working in non-agricultural sectors | 18.9 | 18.6 | 19.9 |
Health behaviors: | |||
Health-promoting behavior (Annual health check-up):* | |||
No | 47.2 | 42.4 | 48.7 |
Yes | 52.8 | 57.6 | 51.3 |
Health-compromising behavior:* | |||
Alcohol drinking and Smoking: | |||
Neither | 79.2 | 84.6 | 77.6 |
Either/Both | 20.8 | 15.4 | 22.4 |
Healthcare utilization experience: | |||
Public service utilization (vaccination):* | |||
No | 78.5 | 76.1 | 79.2 |
Yes | 21.5 | 23.9 | 20.8 |
Utilization of healthcare service for recent illness:* | |||
No illness | 74.6 | 71.6 | 75.5 |
Illness: Insurance use | 22.8 | 25.2 | 22.2 |
Non-insurance use due to minor illness | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
Non-insurance use due to other reasons | 1.8 | 2.6 | 1.5 |
Treatment by health personnel for recent falling accident:* | |||
No falling | 88.6 | 86.9 | 89.1 |
Falling: Receive treatment | 2.7 | 3.2 | 2.6 |
No treatment due to minor accident | 6.1 | 7.0 | 5.8 |
No treatment but take care themselves | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.5 |
Social/community support: | |||
Visited by village health volunteer:* | |||
No | 44.1 | 49.4 | 42.6 |
Yes | 55.9 | 50.6 | 57.4 |
Information awareness: | |||
No | 11.6 | 12.1 | 11.4 |
Yes (at least one source) | 88.4 | 87.9 | 88.6 |
Participating the community club for older adults:* | |||
No | 65.0 | 67.5 | 64.2 |
Yes | 35.0 | 32.5 | 35.8 |