Fig. 3
From: 3D assessment of mandibular skeletal effects produced by the Herbst appliance
Additional skeletal effect produced by the Herbst appliance in 3D. This is calculated by contrasting the mean morphological changes in the first column to mean expected morphological changes due to natural growth in the second column from T1-T2, T2-T3 and T1-T3, respectively. The color maps indicate the amount of changes along the surface normals. Approximately 1.5–2 mm greater condylar changes (red) and 0.5 mm greater changes at the chin (yellow) are seen during active Herbst appliance treatment from T l to T2. This effect lasts until the completion of treatment (T1-T3), but there is no obvious skeletal effect during the orthodontic phase (T2-T3)