Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
First author (year) | Patient | Study design | Caries risk | Interventions | Control | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | Sample size | Lesions treated | Sample type | Drop-out rate | |||||
(a) Invention: infiltration | |||||||||
Ammari [42] | 6.2 ± 1.29 | 50 | 100 | Primary dentition | 12 m: 16%, 24 m: 42% | Split-mouth RCT | Moderate to high | Resin infiltration (Icon®, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) + fluoridated toothpaste + flossing | Fluoridated toothpaste + flossing |
Jorge [48] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Arslan [43] | 20.7 ± 5.65 | 56 | 112 | Permanent dentition | 12 m: 27% | Split-mouth RCT | Moderate to high | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoridated toothpaste + flossing | Fluoridated toothpaste + flossing |
Arthur [44] | 16–41 | 22 | 72 | Permanent dentition | 36 m: 23% | Split-mouth RCT | Unclear | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + oral hygiene instruction + dietary advice + topical application of fluoride | Placebo treatment (water) + oral hygiene instruction + dietary advice + topical application of fluoride |
Bagher [45] | 6.82 ± 1.09 | 45 | 90 | Primary dentition | 24 m: 44% | Split-mouth RCT | Low or high | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoride application + oral hygiene + diet counselling | Fluoride application + oral hygiene + diet counselling |
Ekstrand [46] | 7.17 ± 0.6 | 48 | 96 | Primary dentition | 12 m: 19% | Split-mouth RCT | Moderate to high | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoride vanish + regular examinations + oral hygiene instructions | Fluoride vanish + regular examinations + oral hygiene instructions |
Foster Page [47] | 8 (6–9) | 90 | 180 | Primary dentition | 24 m: 23% | Split-mouth RCT | Low to moderate | resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoride vanish | Fluoride vanish |
Martignon [50] | 21 (16–31) | 39 | 117 | Permanent dentition | 36 m: 5% | Split-mouth RCT | Mixed | Resin infiltration (Icon®) or sealant (Prime Bond NT®; Dentsply, York, PA, USA) + flossing | Placebo treatment (micro-brush) + flossing |
Meyer-Lueckel [51] | 23 ± 6 | 79 | 436 | Permanent dentition | 18 m: 11% | Split-mouth RCT | Low or high | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoride vanish + oral hygiene instruction + dietary advice | Mock infiltration + fluoride vanish + oral hygiene instruction + dietary advice |
Paris [54] | 25 (20–34) | 22 | 58 | Permanent dentition | 18 m: 0% | Split-mouth RCT | Mixed | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoridation + oral hygiene + dietary instructions | Placebo treatment (water) + fluoridation + oral hygiene + dietary instructions |
Meyer-Lueckel [52] | Â | Â | Â | Â | 36Â m: 9% | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Paris [53] | Â | Â | Â | Â | 84Â m: 27% | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Peters [55] | 20.1 ± 0.9 | 42 | 84 | Permanent dentition | 24 m: 24% | Split-mouth RCT | High | Resin infiltration (Icon®) + fluoride vanish + hygiene instruction + diet counselling + fluoridated toothpaste | Mock infiltration + fluoride vanish + hygiene instruction + diet counselling + fluoridated toothpaste |
Peters [56] | Â | Â | Â | Â | 36Â m: 36% | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Vaghela [57] | 26 (14–45) | 56 | 130 | Permanent dentition | 6 m: 51.79% | Split-mouth RCT | low or moderate | Resin infiltration (Icon®, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) + standard-oral care hygiene treatment + diet counseling + a fluoride regimen | With inactive materials + standard-oral care hygiene treatment + diet counseling + a fluoride regimen |
(b) Intervention: sealing | |||||||||
Alkilzy [23] | 21.3 ± 5.6 | 50 | 100 | Permanent dentition | 24 m: 30% | Split-mouth RCT | Unclear | Sealant patch (Ivoclar Vivadent, Principality of Liechtenstein) + fluoridated toothpaste + dental floss | Fluoridated toothpaste + dental floss |
Alkilzy [24] | Â | Â | Â | Â | 36Â m: 40% | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Basili [25] | 8.5 ± 0.7 | 25 | 50 | Permanent dentition | 42 m: 40% | Split-mouth RCT | High | Sealant (Concise Sealant; 3 M ESPE) + fluoride vanish (Duraphat; Colgate Oral Pharmaceuticals) + general oral hygiene instructions + dietary advices | Fluoride vanish (Duraphat; Colgate Oral Pharmaceuticals) + general oral hygiene instructions + dietary advices |
Gomez [26] | 14.7 ± 2.1 | 7 | 71 | Permanent dentition | 24 m: 0% | Split-mouth RCT | Unclear | Pit and fissure sealants (Concise sealant; 3 M ESPE) | Fluoride varnish (Duraphat; Colgate Oral Pharmaceuticals, Canton, MA, USA) |
Martignon [49] | 15–39 | 82 | 164 | Permanent dentition | 18 m: 12% | Split-mouth RCT | Moderate to high | Sealant (Gluma One Bond adhesive, Heraeus Kulzer; Concise sealant, 3 M ESPE) + flossing | Flossing |
Martignon [27] | 5.3 ± 0.7 | 91 | 182 | Primary dentition | 30 m: 38% | Split-mouth RCT | Mixed | Sealant (Single One Bond, 3 M ESPE) + flossing | Flossing |
Martignon [50] | 21 (16–31) | 39 | 117 | Permanent dentition | 36 m: 5% | Split-mouth RCT | Mixed | Resin infiltration (Icon®) or sealant (Prime Bond NT®; Dentsply, York, PA, USA) + flossing | Placebo treatment (micro-brush) + flossing |
Trairatvorakul [28] | 13.15 ± 3.47 | 26 | 82 | Permanent dentition | 12 m: 0% | Split-mouth RCT | Unclear | Glass ionomer cements (GIC, Fuji VII, GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) + sodium fluoride dentifrice + acidulated phosphate fluoride gel | Sodium fluoride dentifrice + acidulated phosphate fluoride gel |