|
Control (I; n = 36)
|
Mild periodontitis (II; n = 48)
|
Moderate periodontitis (III; n = 43)
|
Severe periodontitis (IV; n = 30)
|
Implant (V; n = 32)
|
---|
IL-1β (pg/mL)
|
Mean ± SD
|
16.90 ± 18.65
|
36.16 ± 33.98
|
46.76 ± 38.62
|
61.04 ± 41.41
|
23.73 ± 27.07
|
Range
|
0.10–77.90
|
0.10–156.80
|
0.10–181.90
|
6.40–153.80
|
0.10–125.70
|
CXCL8 (pg/mL)
|
Mean ± SD
|
37.91 ± 34.06
|
44.10 ± 38.05
|
58.16 ± 55.26
|
51.94 ± 45.87
|
40.90 ± 56.63
|
Range
|
3.20–132.20
|
0.90–205.20
|
4.90–274.30
|
2.50–185.20
|
3.10–296.30
|
TNF-α (pg/mL)
|
Mean ± SD
|
4.31 ± 2.02
|
4.56 ± 2.15
|
5.41 ± 2.12
|
5.34 ± 2.39
|
5.71 ± 1.94
|
Range
|
0.10–9.10
|
0.10–10.20
|
1.30–9.50
|
1.20–11.20
|
1.50–9.40
|
- The Mann–Whitney U test was performed to analyzed differences in the levels of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α in GCF/PISF. Statistical significance was set at p = 0.05