Table 2 Association between the presence of caries in permanent dentition and individual and familial factors in bivariate analysis
Variables | Caries absent | Caries present | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | ||
Sex | |||
Male | 815 (57.3) | 31 (62.0) | 0.51 |
Female | 607 (42.7) | 19 (38.0) | Â |
Age | |||
Mean (SD) | 14.51 (2.59) | 15.72 (2.65) | 0.001a |
Perception of oral health | 19.04 (9.13) | 19.04 (8.56) | 0.99 |
Tooth-brushing | |||
1 time a day or less | 1292 (91.2) | 46 (92.0) | 1.00 |
Equal to or greater than 2 times a day or more | 124 (8.8) | 4 (8.0) | Â |
Use of fluoridated toothpaste | |||
Always | 1297 (91.7) | 46 (92.0) | 1.00 |
Not always | 117 (8.3) | 4 (8.0) | Â |
Consumption of refined carbohydrates in-between-meals | |||
Frequent sugar consumption | 868 (63.9) | 32 (64.0) | 0.99 |
Non-frequent sugar consumption | 490 (36.1) | 18 (36.0) | Â |
Daily use of dental floss | |||
Yes | 184 (16.0) | 8 (19.5) | 0.54 |
No | 969 (84.0) | 33 (80.5) | Â |
Dental service utilization in the last 12Â months | |||
Yes | 14 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
No | 1220 (98.9) | 46 (100) | Â |
Cigarette smoking | |||
Current smoker | 20 (1.5) | 2 (4.0) | 0.33 |
Former smoker | 8 (0.6) | 0 (0) | Â |
Non-smoker | 1317 (97.9) | 48 (96.0) | Â |
Plaque index | |||
Mean (SD) | 0.81 (0.52) | 0.84 (0.56) | 0.74 |
Gingival index | Â | Â | Â |
Mean (SD) | 0.53 (0.48) | 0.54 (0.53) | 0.93 |
Birth position | |||
First/only child | 553 (38.9) | 17 (34.0) | 0.49 |
Second or more child | 869 (61.1) | 33 (66.0) | Â |
Family size | |||
6 or less | 1143 (80.4) | 41 (82.0) | 0.78 |
More than 6 | 279 (19.6) | 9 (18.0) | Â |
Living arrangement | |||
Living with both parents | 1157 (81.4) | 42 (84.0) | 0.64 |
Not living with both parents | 265 (18.6) | 8 (16.0) | Â |
Socioeconomic status | |||
High | 476 (33.5) | 14 (28.0) | 0.61 |
Middle | 492 (34.6) | 17 (34.0) | Â |
Low | 454 (31.9) | 19 (38.0) | Â |