Parameter | Time interval | Placebo | Alendronate | AV | p value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ipshita et al. [19] | mSBIa | Baseline | 2.03 ± 0.61 | 2.10 ± 0.66 | 2.06 ± 0.73 | 0.92 | |||
6 months | 1.23 ± 0.62 | 0.70 ± 0.65 | 0.66 ± 0.60 | 0.001 | |||||
12 months | 0.90 ± 0.71 | 0.50 ± 0.50 | 0.40 ± 0.49 | 0.003 | |||||
PI | Baseline | 2.03 ± 0.40 | 1.99 ± 0.37 | 2.01 ± 0.30 | 0.89 | ||||
6 months | 0.78 ± 0.10 | 0.76 ± 0.10 | 0.77 ± 0.09 | 0.60 | |||||
12 months | 0.57 ± 0.09 | 0.54 ± 0.11 | 0.55 ± 0.13 | 0.71 | |||||
PD | Baseline | 7.06 ± 1.04 | 7.03 ± 1.12 | 7.06 ± 1.32 | 0.99 | ||||
6 months | 5.53 ± 0.81 | 4.03 ± 0.55 | 5.00 ± 0.83 | < 0.001 | |||||
12 months | 5.20 ± 0.66 | 2.93 ± 0.78 | 4.63 ± 0.71 | < 0.001 | |||||
RVCAL (mm)a | Baseline | 6.23 ± 1.13 | 6.13 ± 1.00 | 6.30 ± 0.79 | 0.80 | ||||
6 months | 5.06 ± 0.78 | 3.63 ± 1.10 | 4.26 ± 0.82 | < 0.001 | |||||
12 months | 4.76 ± 0.72 | 2.36 ± 0.71 | 3.76 ± 1.35 | < 0.001 | |||||
RHCAL (mm)a | Baseline | 6.06 ± 1.08 | 5.91 ± 0.92 | 6.16 ± 0.92 | 0.56 | ||||
6 months | 5.03 ± 0.71 | 3.56 ± 1.07 | 4.20 ± 1.20 | < 0.001 | |||||
12 months | 4.60 ± 0.62 | 2.20 ± 0.61 | 3.93 ± 1.48 | < 0.001 | |||||
Bone defect depth (mm)a | Baseline | 5.21 ± 0.33 | 5.22 ± 0.63 | 5.49 ± 0.78 | 0.14 | ||||
6 months | 5.09 ± 0.37 | 3.21 ± 0.46 | 4.73 ± 0.42 | < 0.001 | |||||
12 months | 5.02 ± 0.36 | 2.86 ± 0.32 | 4.53 ± 0.90 | < 0.001 |
Parameters | Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dutra et al. [21] | PPD (mm) | ||||||||
ALN | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 4.3 ± 1.6 | 4.3 ± 1.6 | ||||||
Placebo | 6.2 ± 1.6 | 4.4 ± 1.8 | 4.4 ± 1.7 | ||||||
P value | 0.468 | 0.239 | 0.127 | ||||||
CAL (mm) | |||||||||
ALN | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 3.6 ± 0.7 | ||||||
Placebo | 6.7 ± 1.1 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 4.3 ± 0.7 | ||||||
p value | 0.356 | 0.010 | 0.021 |
Baseline (mm) | 6 months (mm) | p value | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CBCT based measurements of bone fill according to the treatment groups over time | |||||||||
ALN | 4.5 ± 1.8 | 3.8 ± 2.0 | 0.003 | ||||||
Placebo | 5.1 ± 2.2 | 4.9 ± 2.0 | 0.099 |
Parameters | Visits | ALN | Placebo | p value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sharma et al. [22] | Probing depth | Baseline | 7.84 ± 2.04 | 7.62 ± 1.97 | 0.645 | ||||
2 month | 5.05 ± 1.78 | 6.38 ± 1.84 | < 0.002 | ||||||
6 month | 3.68 ± 1.93 | 5.57 ± 1.88 | < 0.001* | ||||||
Periodontal attachment level | Baseline | 6.43 ± 1.77 | 6.19 ± 1.54 | 0.531 | |||||
2 month | 4.05 ± 1.94 | 5.22 ± 1.73 | < 0.008* | ||||||
6 month | 2.49 ± 1.53 | 4.41 ± 1.83 | < 0.001* | ||||||
Intrabony defect depth | Baseline | 5.18 ± 1.00 | 5.10 ± 0.95 | 0.727 | |||||
6 month | 3.07 ± 0.94 | 4.97 ± 0.95 | < 0.001* |
Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | 12 months | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALN | Placebo | ALN | Placebo | ALN | Placebo | ALN | Placebo | ||
Pradeep et al. [20] | Full mouth PI | 1.73 ± 0.31 | 1.80 ± 0.46 | 0.91 ± 0.27 | 1.00 ± 0.28 | 0.20 ± 0.40 | 0.52 ± 0.24 | 0.45 ± 0.19 | 0.55 ± 0.25 |
p value | 0.217 | 0.251 | 0.369 | 0.047* | |||||
GI (mSBI) | 2.54 ± 0.17 | 2.53 ± 0.16 | 1.01 ± 0.41 | 1.15 ± 0.44 | 0.79 ± 0.12 | 0.88 ± 0.29 | 0.85 ± 0.17 | 0.90 ± 0.21 | |
p value | 0.751 | 0.165 | 0.059 | 0.132 |
Parameters | Visit | ALN group | Placebo group | p value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical and radiographical parameters | |||||||||
PD (mm) | Baseline | 6.93 ± 0.69 | 6.77 ± 0.82 | 0.407 | |||||
3 months | 4.43 ± 0.73 | 5.53 ± 0.73 | < 0.001† | ||||||
6 months | 3.10 ± 0.71 | 5.17 ± 0.79 | < 0.001 | ||||||
12 months | 3.14 ± 0.71 | 5.39 ± 0.74 | < 0.001 | ||||||
RVCAL | Baseline | 7.30 ± 0.79 | 7.27 ± 0.78 | 0.846 | |||||
3 months | 5.07 ± 0.64 | 6.33 ± 0.66 | < 0.001 | ||||||
6 months | 4.07 ± 0.64 | 6.03 ± 0.76 | < 0.001 | ||||||
12 months | 4.07 ± 0.66 | 6.14 ± 0.89 | < 0.001 | ||||||
RHCAL | Baseline | 8.07 ± 0.64 | 8.03 ± 0.81 | 0.994 | |||||
3 months | 6.10 ± 0.66 | 7.17 ± 0.79 | < 0.001 | ||||||
6 months | 5.03 ± 0.56 | 6.97 ± 0.76 | < 0.001 | ||||||
12 months | 5.00 ± 0.54 | 7.03 ± 0.79 | < 0.001 | ||||||
BD depth | Baseline | 3.94 ± 0.24 | 3.94 ± 0.25 | 0.828 | |||||
6 months | 2.67 ± 0.26 | 3.83 ± 0.25 | < 0.001 | ||||||
12 months | 2.64 ± 0.23 | 3.84 ± 0.24 | < 0.001 |
Visits | ALN | Placebo | T value | p value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sharma and Pradeep [23] | PD | Baseline | 7.85 ± 2.20 | 7.69 ± 2.22 | 0.06 | 0.008 | |||
2 months | 6.04 ± 1.99 | 6.96 ± 2.10 | 2.63 | 0.111 | |||||
6 months | 3.96 ± 1.28 | 6.04 ± 1.68 | 25.05 | < 0.001 | |||||
CAL | Baseline | 6.12 ± 1.77 | 5.96 ± 1.88 | 0.09 | 0.763 | ||||
2 months | 4.46 ± 2.43 | 5.19 ± 2.29 | 1.23 | 0.271 | |||||
6 months | 2.85 ± 1.82 | 4.54 ± 2.12 | 9.50 | 0.003 | |||||
IBD Depth | Baseline | 5.45 ± 1.18 | 5.48 ± 0.92 | 0.006 | 0.937 | ||||
6 months | 2.95 ± 0.86 | 5.37 ± 0.90 | 97.08 | < 0.001 | |||||
Mean PD (mm) | 2 months | 1.81 ± 1.20 | 0.73 ± 1.58 | 7.60 | 0.008 | ||||
6 months | 3.88 ± 1.39 | 1.65 ± 1.35 | 34.21 | < 0.001 | |||||
Mean CAL (mm) | 2 months | 1.65 ± 1.09 | 0.77 ± 1.68 | 5.06 | 0.029 | ||||
6 months | 3.27 ± 1.11 | 1.42 ± 1.70 | 21.41 | < 0.001 | |||||
Mean IBD depth (mm) | 6 months | 2.50 ± 0.73 | 0.10 ± 0.06 | 273.12 | < 0.001 | ||||
Percentage of bone defect fill (%) | 6 months | 46.1 ± 9.48 | 2.0 ± 1.20 | 555.41 | < 0.001 |
Alendronate group | Placebo group | t* | p | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sharma and Pradeep [24] | PD | Baseline | 7.58 ± 2.13 | 7.24 ± 2.18 | 0.39 | 0.533 | |||
2 months | 4.39 ± 1.45 | 5.88 ± 1.78 | 13.74 | < 0.014 | |||||
6 months | 3.09 ± 1.82 | 5.09 ± 1.54 | 23.02 | < 0.001 | |||||
CAL | Baseline | 6.06 ± 1.82 | 5.64 ± 1.72 | 0.95 | 0.333 | ||||
2 months | 3.61 ± 1.99 | 4.82 ± 1.91 | 6.33 | < 0.001 | |||||
6 months | 2.03 ± 1.48 | 4.03 ± 2.02 | 20.91 | < 0.001 | |||||
IBD depth | Baseline | 4.70 ± 1.00 | 4.71 ± 1.04 | 0.01 | 0.971 | ||||
6 months | 2.82 ± 0.87 | 4.60 ± 1.06 | 5.43 | < 0.001 |
Alendronate group | Placebo group | t* | p | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change in PD, CAL, IBD, and Bone Fill in ALN and Placebo Groups from baseline to 2 and 6 months | |||||||||
PD (mm; mean—SD) | 2 months | 3.18 ± 1.28 | 1.36 ± 0.85 | 45.60 | < 0.001 | ||||
6 months | 4.48 ± 1.27 | 2.15 ± 1.12 | 62.16 | < 0.001 | |||||
CAL (mm; mean–SD) | 2 months | 2.45 ± 0.75 | 0.82 ± 0.58 | 97.20 | < 0.001 | ||||
6 months | 4.03 ± 0.84 | 1.61 ± 0.86 | 132.47 | < 0.001 | |||||
IBD depth (mm; mean–SD) | 6 months | 1.88 ± 0.58 | 0.10 ± 0.03 | 304.86 | < 0.001 | ||||
Bone-defect fill (%; mean–SD) | 6 months | 40.4 ± 11.71 | 2.5 ± 1.02 | 344.45 | < 0.001 |
Placebo | ATV | ALN | p value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pradeep et al. [25] | Probing depth, clinical attachment level, and intrabony defect depth in placebo, ATV, and ALN at different time intervals | ||||||||
PD | Baseline | 6.76 ± 1.22 | 6.56 ± 1.38 | 6.96 ± 1.12 | 0–466 | ||||
3 months | 6.43 ± 1.22 | 5.50 ± 1.07 | 5.43 ± 0.89 | < 0.0001* | |||||
6 months | 5.70 ± 0.87 | 4.10 ± 0.84 | 3.40 ± 0.49 | < 0.0001* | |||||
9 months | 5.26 ± 0.63 | 3.03 ± 0.71 | 2.66 ± 054 | < 0.0001* | |||||
CAL | Baseline | 6.13 ± 1.13 | 6.13 ± 0.89 | 5.93 ± 0.94 | 0.671 | ||||
3 months | 5.96 ± 1.18 | 4.46 ± 0.73 | 4.86 ± 0.81 | < 0.0001 | |||||
6 months | 4.96 ± 0.71 | 2.43 ± 0.50 | 3.6 ± 1.10 | < 0.0001 | |||||
9 months | 4.63 ± 0.61 | 1.86 ± 0.43 | 2.43 ± 0.77 | < 0.0001 | |||||
IBD depth | Baseline | 5.17 ± 0.35 | 5.46 ± 0.81 | 5.18 ± 0.65 | 0.145 | ||||
6 months | 5.07 ± 0.38 | 3.56 ± 0.54 | 3.05 ± 0.36 | < 0.0001 | |||||
9 months | 5.04 ± 0.38 | 3.47 ± 0.70 | 2.79 ± 0.30 | < 0.0001 |
Placebo | ATV | ALN | p value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PD | Baseline-3 months | 0.33 ± 0.47 | 1.06 ± 0.63 | 1.53 ± 0.50 | < 0.001 | ||||
Baseline-6 months | 1.06 ± 0.90 | 2.46 ± 0.97 | 3.56 ± 1.13 | < 0.001 | |||||
Baseline-9 months | 1.50 ± 1.07 | 3.53 ± 1.27 | 4.30 ± 1.39 | < 0.001 | |||||
CAL | Baseline-3 months | 0.16 ± 0.37 | 1.66 ± 0.60 | 1.06 ± 0.52 | < 0.001 | ||||
Baseline-6 months | 1.16 ± 0.94 | 3.7 ± 0.91 | 2.33 ± 1.34 | < 0.001 | |||||
Baseline-9 months | 1.50 ± 1.07 | 4.26 ± 1.08 | 3.50 ± 1.16 | < 0.001 | |||||
IBD depth | Baseline-6 months | 0.09 ± 0.17 | 1.90 ± 0.44 | 2.12 ± 0.34 | < 0.001 | ||||
Baseline-9 months | 0.12 ± 0.17 | 1.98 ± 0.72 | 2.38 ± 0.45 | < 0.001 | |||||
Radiographic DDR | Baseline-6 months | 1.86 ± 3.56 | 34.61 ± 5.11 | 40.87 ± 2.73 | < 0.001 | ||||
Baseline-9 months | 2.44 ± 3.48 | 35.92 ± 10.04 | 45.82 ± 3.83 | < 0.001 |