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Table 5 Variation in oral disease by district type, residence and enumeration area

From: Assessment of oral health status in a Ghanaian population: rationale, methods, and population characteristics

Characteristic

Caries

Periodontitis

Crude OR (95%CI)

†Adjusted OR (95%CI)

Crude OR (95%CI)

†Adjusted OR (95%CI)

District type

    

Metropolitan

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Municipal

0.59 (0.40–0.86)

0.68 (0.45–1.01)

1.07 (0.76–1.49)

1.32 (0.91–1.90)

District

0.75 (0.49–1.15)

0.81 (0.52–1.26)

0.92 (0.63–1.35)

1.01 (0.66–1.51)

Residence

    

Urban

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Rural

0.99 (0.66–1.51)

1.05 (0.69–1.60)

1.29 (0.89–1.87)

1.40 (0.95–2.08)

Enumeration Area

    

Achimota

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Adenta

0.55 (0.21–1.45)

0.61 (0.22–1.66)

0.53 (0.21–1.36)

0.50 (0.18–1.37)

Ashiaman

0.64 (0.25–1.68)

0.71 (0.26–1.92)

0.46 (0.18–1.18)

0.40 (0.15–1.10)

Akporman

0.72 (0.27–1.93)

0.76 (0.27–2.10)

0.65 (0.24–1.76)

0.64 (0.23–1.75)

Accra New Town

0.85 (0.32–2.22)

0.83 (0.30–2.31)

0.15 (0.05–0.43)

0.10 (0.03–0.31)

Avenor

1.28 (0.50–3.26)

1.10 (0.41–2.93)

0.43 (0.17–1.14)

0.24 (0.09–0.66)

Ayikuma

1.05 (0.40–2.75)

1.23 (0.44–3.43)

0.28 (0.10–0.77)

0.24 (0.09–0.68)

Dawa

0.14 (0.04–0.55)

0.17 (0.42–0.67)

0.31 (0.11–0.82)

0.36 (0.13–0.97)

Dome

0.46 (0.16–1.31)

0.50 (0.17–1.45)

0.22 (0.08–0.60)

0.17 (0.05–0.51)

Gbawe

0.60 (0.22–1.66)

0.61 (0.21–1.68)

0.23 (0.08–0.65)

0.17 (0.06–0.51)

Katapor

0.54 (0.19–1.50)

0.58 (0.20–1.68)

0.52 (0.19–1.38)

0.45 (0.16–1.29)

Korle Gonno

0.62 (0.24–1.61)

0.65 (0.24–1.76)

0.36 (0.14–0.92)

0.26 (0.10–0.69)

Lolonya

0.69 (0.26–1.82)

0.63 (0.22–1.76)

0.51 (0.20–1.33)

0.37 (0.13–1.06)

New Achimota

0.15 (0.04–0.53)

0.19 (0.05–0.67)

1.33 (0.49–3.59)

1.64 (0.59–4.58)

New Aplaku

0.08 (0.02–0.40)

0.11 (0.02–0.54)

0.14 (0.50–0.40)

0.19 (0.07–0.54)

Old Ningo

0.52 (0.19–1.39)

0.50 (0.18–1.43)

0.29 (0.11–0.75)

0.18 (0.07–0.50)

Osu

0.86 (0.32–2.29)

0.92 (0.33–2.57)

0.23 (0.08–0.63)

0.22 (0.08–0.63)

Russia

0.54 (0.19–1.50)

0.57 (0.20–1.58)

0.32 (0.12–0.86)

0.26 (0.09–0.72)

Tamatokou

0.60 (0.22–1.63)

0.65 (0.23–1.83)

0.49 (0.18–1.29)

0.46 (0.16–1.29)

Tema New Town

0.32 (0.11–0.98)

0.31 (0.09–1.00)

0.74 (0.27–2.00)

0.49 (0.17–1 42)

  1. Multivariate analysis was carried out to account for age and sex