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Table 2 Adjusted association of oral health indicators and confounders with poor OHRQoL by OHIP-14K (n = 675)

From: Gender modified association of oral health indicators with oral health-related quality of life among Korean elders

Variables

N

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

OR (95% confidence interval)

Dental status

     

Dentate

407

1

   

Denture

268

1.25 (0.89–1.76)

   

TOF, Newton

     

 ≥ 330

293

 

1

  

 < 330

382

 

1.47 (1.06–2.04)

  

NTR

     

 ≥ 25

518

  

1

 

 ≤ 24

157

  

2.26 (1.54–3.31)

 

NT

     

 ≥ 15

431

   

1

 ≤ 14

244

   

1.45 (1.02–2.07)

Age

675

1.00 (0.96–1.02)

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

Gender

     

Men

219

1

1

1

1

Women

456

1.48 (0.93–2.35)

1.47 (0.92–2.34)

1.58 (0.99–2.53)

1.50 (0.95–2.39)

Education level

     

Middle school or less

512

1

1

1

1

High school or more

152

0.71 (0.48–1.07)

0.72 (0.48–1.07)

0.71 (0.47–1.07)

0.73 (0.48–1.09)

Not informed

11

2.32 (0.66–8.24)

2.25 (0.63–8.01)

2.78 (0.78–9.91)

2.20 (0.62–7.83)

Alcohol†

     

No

219

1

1

1

1

Yes

438

0.72 (0.51–1.02)

0.72 (0.51–1.02)

0.72 (0.51–1.03)

0.73 (0.52–1.04)

Not informed

18

1.55 (0.50–4.85)

1.57 (0.50–4.92)

1.74 (0.55–5.50)

1.47 (0.47–0.64)

Smoking*

     

No

443

1

1

1

1

Yes

202

1.20 (0.75–1.93)

1.24 (0.78–1.99)

1.17 (0.73–1.88)

1.15 (0.71–1.86)

Not informed

30

1.29 (0.52–3.19)

1.31 (0.53–3.26)

1.44 (0.58–3.57)

1.32 (0.53–3.27)

Periodontitis

     

No

123

1

1

1

1

Yes

490

1.46 (0.95–2.27)

1.51 (0.96–2.38)

1.41 (0.91–2.18)

1.40 (0.90–2.18)

Not informed

62

1.19 (0.62–2.30)

1.17 (0.61–2.26)

1.29 (0.67–2.49)

1.14 (0.59–2.19)

Metabolic syndrome‡

     

No

294

1

1

1

1

Yes

381

0.76 (0.55–1.05)

0.76 (0.55–1.05)

0.69 (0.50–0.96)

0.76 (0.55–1.05)

Frailty

     

No

541

1

1

1

1

Yes

109

1.71 (1.11–2.64)

1.67 (1.09–2.57)

1.63 (1.06–2.53)

1.71 (1.11–2.63)

Not informed

25

1.04 (0.45–2.38)

1.09 (0.47–2.52)

1.06 (0.46–2.45)

1.05 (0.46–2.41)

  1. OHRQoL: Fair denotes OHIP-14K < 3: never, hardly ever, occasionally; Poor denotes OHIP-14K ≥ 3: fairly often, very often
  2. TOF, total occlusion force; NRT, number of total natural and rehabilitated; NT, number of remaining natural teeth
  3. Bold denotes statistical significance at p < 0.05
  4. Odd ratio: obtained by multivariable logistic regression adjusted for all variables in each model
  5. Periodontitis: followed by guideline “Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition” [51] classified into two groups: No (healthy or stage I–II) and Yes (stage III–IV)
  6. *Smoking: No denotes never smoked; Yes denotes past and current smoker
  7. †Alcohol drinking: “No” denotes “never drunken”; “Yes” denotes “past and current drinker”
  8. ‡Metabolic syndrome: No denotes two or fewer factors, Yes denotes three or more factors among five factors: obesity (body mass index (body kg/ height m2) ≥ 25); Total triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL; HDL cholesterol: Male < 40 mg/dL, Female < 50 mg/dL or medication for dyslipidemia; Hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg or medication for hypertension; Glycated hemoglobin ≥ 5.3% or medication for diabetes
  9. Model 1: model of dental status, − 2 Log likelihood = 885.978, Cox&Snell R square = 0.052
  10. Model 2: model of total occlusion force, − 2 Log likelihood = 882.296, Cox&Snell R square = 0.058
  11. Model 3: model of total natural and rehabilitated teeth number, − 2 Log likelihood = 870.134, Cox&Snell R square = 0.074
  12. Model 4: model of natural teeth number, − 2 Log likelihood = 883.342, Cox&Snell R square = 0.056
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BMC Oral Health

ISSN: 1472-6831

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