Table 2 Alveolar bone changes surrounding mandibular anterior teeth before and after the retraction
ACAO group | Control group | dACAO vs dcontrol P | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T0 Mean ± SD | T1 Mean ± SD | T1 versus T0 P | dACAO Mean ± SD | T0 Mean ± SD | T1 Mean ± SD | T1 versus T0 P | dcontrol Mean ± SD | ||
Canines | |||||||||
LABA (mm2) | 10.54 ± 1.51 | 12.91 ± 1.74 | 0.000 | 2.37 ± 2.30 | 9.94 ± 2.04 | 10.43 ± 1.63 | 0.407 | 0.49 ± 2.61 | 0.021 |
B (mm) | 3.45 ± 0.85 | 1.34 ± 0.80 | 0.000 | − 2.11 ± 1.16 | 3.43 ± 0.60 | 4.25 ± 0.63 | 0.000 | 0.82 ± 0.87 | 0.000 |
L (mm) | 3.04 ± 0.47 | 3.84 ± 0.66 | 0.000 | 0.80 ± 0.81 | 2.45 ± 0.41 | 4.19 ± 0.73 | 0.000 | 1.74 ± 0.84 | 0.001 |
D1 (mm) | 4.06 ± 0.96 | 4.49 ± 0.91 | 0.154 | 0.43 ± 1.32 | 4.38 ± 0.82 | 4.05 ± 0.67 | 0.127 | − 0.33 ± 1.06 | 0.052 |
D2 (mm) | 3.49 ± 0.66 | 4.05 ± 0.83 | 0.023 | 0.56 ± 1.06 | 3.73 ± 0.56 | 3.65 ± 0.62 | 0.671 | − 0.08 ± 0.84 | 0.041 |
D3 (mm) | 3.15 ± 0.29 | 3.73 ± 0.53 | 0.000 | 0.58 ± 0.60 | 3.47 ± 0.65 | 3.36 ± 0.47 | 0.543 | − 0.11 ± 0.80 | 0.004 |
Lateral incisors | |||||||||
LABA (mm2) | 9.08 ± 1.33 | 13.88 ± 1.56 | 0.000 | 4.80 ± 2.05 | 9.91 ± 1.99 | 6.68 ± 1.49 | 0.000 | − 3.23 ± 2.49 | 0.000 |
B (mm) | 3.91 ± 0.82 | 1.34 ± 0.45 | 0.000 | − 2.57 ± 0.94 | 3.66 ± 0.58 | 4.42 ± 0.68 | 0.001 | 0.76 ± 0.89 | 0.000 |
L (mm) | 3.31 ± 0.57 | 4.41 ± 0.54 | 0.000 | 1.10 ± 0.79 | 3.61 ± 0.63 | 5.29 ± 0.64 | 0.000 | 1.68 ± 0.90 | 0.036 |
D1 (mm) | 3.57 ± 1.16 | 3.66 ± 1.02 | 0.796 | 0.09 ± 1.54 | 3.68 ± 1.07 | 3.56 ± 0.97 | 0.712 | − 0.12 ± 1.44 | 0.660 |
D2 (mm) | 3.10 ± 0.56 | 3.91 ± 0.60 | 0.000 | 0.81 ± 0.82 | 3.56 ± 1.12 | 3.24 ± 0.66 | 0.278 | − 0.32 ± 1.3 | 0.002 |
D3 (mm) | 2.51 ± 0.53 | 3.74 ± 0.63 | 0.000 | 1.23 ± 0.82 | 3.48 ± 0.51 | 2.99 ± 0.48 | 0.003 | − 0.49 ± 0.70 | 0.000 |
Central incisors | |||||||||
LABA (mm2) | 10.76 ± 0.64 | 14.46 ± 1.01 | 0.000 | 3.70 ± 1.20 | 10.67 ± 1.61 | 6.86 ± 1.52 | 0.000 | − 3.81 ± 2.21 | 0.000 |
B (mm) | 2.50 ± 0.54 | 1.38 ± 0.39 | 0.000 | − 1.12 ± 0.67 | 2.61 ± 0.64 | 3.35 ± 0.58 | 0.001 | 0.74 ± 0.86 | 0.000 |
L (mm) | 2.98 ± 0.64 | 4.63 ± 0.78 | 0.000 | 1.65 ± 1.01 | 1.92 ± 0.44 | 4.34 ± 0.68 | 0.000 | 2.42 ± 0.81 | 0.011 |
D1 (mm) | 2.95 ± 1.21 | 3.22 ± 1.26 | 0.494 | 0.27 ± 0.75 | 3.19 ± 0.97 | 3.06 ± 0.99 | 0.677 | − 0.13 ± 1.39 | 0.427 |
D2 (mm) | 2.54 ± 0.79 | 3.13 ± 0.65 | 0.014 | 0.59 ± 1.02 | 3.02 ± 0.52 | 2.62 ± 0.63 | 0.035 | − 0.40 ± 0.82 | 0.002 |
D3 (mm) | 2.15 ± 0.33 | 2.91 ± 0.44 | 0.000 | 0.76 ± 0.55 | 3.04 ± 0.58 | 2.68 ± 0.40 | 0.028 | − 0.36 ± 0.70 | 0.000 |