Fig. 1

Association (incidence rate ratio) of age of foreign-born mothers upon arrival in Sweden and their children’s risk of developing a caries increment between ages 3 and 7 years with the HDI of the maternal country of origin using Swedish-born mothers as a reference. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for length of maternal residence in Sweden, sex of child, maternal age at childbirth, family situation, and income (HDI, human development index; cut-offs: low = 0.350–0.449, medium = 0.450−0.699, high ≥ 0.700