Effectiveness of an online application of the health action process approach (HAPA) theory on oral hygiene intervention in young adults with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Statistical results of clinical assessments

Time	Intervention group	Control group	t	P	Period	Intervention group		Control group
Time	Intervention group	Control group	t	P	Period	t	P	t	P
(a) Dental plaque
T0	0.39 ± 0.28	0.55 ± 0.49	1.34	0.1872	T0–T1	− 0.37	0.0007**	− 6.71	< 0.0001**
T1	0.81 ± 0.46	1.61 ± 0.56	5.15	< 0.0001**	T0–T2	− 3.93	0.0003**	− 5.24	< 0.0001**
T2	0.88 ± 0.51	1.34 ± 0.52	2.96	0.005**	T1–T2	− 0.47	0.6441	1.63	0.11

Time	Intervention group	Control group	t	P	Period	Intervention group		Control group
Time	Intervention group	Control group	t	P	Period	t	P	t	P
(b) Gingival bleeding
T0	0.49 ± 0.42	0.55 ± 0.67	0.97	0.3399	T0–T1	1.12	0.0373*	− 0.58	0.5627
T1	0.37 ± 0.57	0.65 ± 0.42	1.85	0.0425*	T0–T2	1.13	0.0305*	− 0.45	0.6585
T2	0.37 ± 0.53	0.63 ± 0.55	1.62	0.0831	T1–T2	0	0.9979	0.11	0.9138

ISSN: 1472-6831