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Table 2 Correlates of moderate-severe periodontitis in Kenyan women planning for pregnancy

From: Prevalence and correlates of periodontitis among Kenyan women planning to conceive

Characteristic

No/Mild Periodontitis

n = 541

N (%)

Moderate-severe periodontitis

n = 106

N (%)

Unadjusted PR (95% CI)

p value

Adjusted PR (95% CI)

p value

Study site

      

Nairobi

353 (83.5)

70 (16.5)

1.0

0.9

  

Mombasa

187 (83.9)

36 (16.1)

0.98 (0.68–1.41)

   

Age, years

      

< 25

119 (88.1)

16 (11.9)

1.0

0.1

  

25–29

177 (85.5)

30 (14.5)

1.22 (0.69–2.16)

   

30–34

134 (83.2)

27 (16.8)

1.42 (0.80–2.51)

   

35–39

89 (77.4)

26 (22.6)

1.91 (1.08–3.38)

   

 > 40

22 (75.9)

7 (24.1)

2.04 (0.92–4.50)

   

Highest education levela

      

0–8 years

131 (79.9)

33 (20.1)

1.0

0.1

1.0

0.2

9–12 years

206 (82.4)

44 (17.6)

0.88 (0.58–1.31)

 

1.01 (0.67–1.52)

 

 > 12 years

204 (87.6)

29 (12.4)

0.62 (0.39–0.98)

 

0.69 (0.44–1.10)

 

Socioeconomic status (monthly earnings in Ksh)

      

 ≤ 10,000

181 (80.4)

44 (19.6)

1.0

0.2

  

10,001–30,000

234 (84.5)

43 (15.5)

0.79 (0.54–1.16)

   

 ≥ 30,001

123 (87.2)

18 (12.8)

0.65 (0.39–1.08)

   

Availability of household water and electricity

      

No

189 (81.8)

42 (18.2)

1.0

0.4

  

Yes

352 (84.6)

64 (15.4)

0.85 (0.59–1.21)

   

Alcohol use (AUDIT score)

      

0 (non-drinker)

465 (83.0)

95 (17.0)

1.0

0.4

  

1–6 (Non-hazardous)

65 (89.0)

8 (11.0)

0.65 (0.33–1.27)

   

 ≥ 7 (Hazardous)

11 (78.6)

3 (21.4)

1.26 (0.46–3.50)

   

Chronic illness

      

No

524 (83.8)

101 (16.2)

1.0

0.4

  

Yes

17 (77.3)

5 (22.7)

1.41 (0.64–3.10)

   

Frequency of teeth cleaning per day

      

 < 2

183 (82.1)

40 (17.9)

1.0

0.4

  

 ≥ 2

358 (84.4)

66 (15.6)

0.87 (0.61–1.24)

   

Time period since last dental visit

      

0–12 months

86 (91.5)

8 (8.5)

1.0

0.3

  

 > 1 year but < 2 years

32 (82.1)

7 (17.9)

2.11 (0.82–5.42)

   

 ≥ 2 years but < 5 years

72 (80.9)

17 (19.1)

2.24 (1.02–4.94)

   

 ≥ 5 years

99 (81.1)

23 (18.9)

2.22 (1.04–4.73)

   

Never received dental care

252 (83.2)

51 (16.8)

1.98 (0.97–4.02)

   

BMI

      

Non-obese < 30

409 (84.9)

73 (15.1)

1.0

0.2

  

Obese ≥ 30

125 (80.1)

31 (19.9)

1.31 (0.90–1.92)

   

Parityb

      

Nulliparous

89 (88.1)

12 (11.9)

1.0

0.01

1.0

0.02

1

250 (87.4)

36 (12.6)

1.03 (0.57–1.96)

 

1.06 (0.57–1.95)

 

2

134 (78.8)

36 (21.2)

1.78 (0.97–3.26)

 

1.77 (0.97–3.25)

 

 ≥ 3

68 (75.6)

22 (24.4)

2.06 (1.08–3.92)

 

1.99 (1.04–3.82)

 

Gravidityc

      

0

55 (88.7)

7 (11.3)

1.0

0.3

  

 ≥ 1

486 (83.1)

99 (16.9)

1.50 (0.73–3.08)

   
  1. aIncluded in multivariable model
  2. bNumber of pregnancies that reached viability (> 20 weeks’ gestation)
  3. cTotal number of pregnancies including those ending in abortion, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy
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BMC Oral Health

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