Fig. 2From: Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expressionSodium butyrate (NaB) reduced the viability of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). a, The cell proliferation curve of PDLSCs was depicted after the treatment of NaB for 24, 48, and 72 h. b, The absorbance values showed that NaB inhibited PDLSC proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. c, d Flow cytometry showed that 5 mM NaB induced human PDLSC apoptosis in 24 and 72 h. Error bars represent the standard deviation (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, using Student’s t test and one-way ANOVABack to article page