Variable | Developing sample (n = 260) | Confirmation sample (n = 277) | p value |
|---|
Age, year | 76.11 ± 5.01 | 76.50 ± 5.22 | 0.383 |
Sex | | | 0.555 |
Male | 84 (30.3) | 85 (32.7) | |
Female | 193 (69.7) | 175 (67.3) | |
Educationa | | | 0.763 |
Middle school or less | 214 (77.3) | 198 (76.2) | |
High school or more | 63 (22.7) | 62 (23.8) | |
Smokingb | | | 0.539 |
No | 186 (67.1) | 181 (69.6) | |
Yes | 91 (32.9) | 79 (30.4) | |
Alcohol drinkingc | | | 0.043 |
No | 105 (37.9) | 77 (29.6) | |
Yes | 172 (62.1) | 183 (70.4) | |
Periodontitisd | | | 0.081 |
No | 60 (21.7) | 41 (15.8) | |
Yes | 217 (78.3) | 219 (84.2) | |
Metabolic syndromee | | | 0.308 |
No | 125 (45.1) | 106 (40.8) | |
Yes | 152 (54.9) | 154 (59.2) | |
Frailty, n (%) | | | 0.223 |
No | 228 (83.2) | 224 (86.2) | |
Yes | 49 (17.7) | 36 (13.8) | |
Dental status | | | 0.470 |
Dentate | 162 (58.5) | 160 (61.5) | |
Denture | 115 (41.5) | 100 (38.5) | |
TOF, Newton | 364.67 ± 314.67 | 369.51 ± 313.02 | 0.862 |
NRT | 25.42 ± 4.16 | 25.44 ± 3.91 | 0.952 |
NRT Posterior | 13.78 ± 3.26 | 13.86 ± 3.08 | 0.764 |
NT | 16.39 ± 8.51 | 16.57 ± 8.76 | 0.814 |
NT Posterior | 8.23 ± 5.18 | 8.01 ± 5.07 | 0.618 |
- Values denote as number (column percentage) for categorical variables and mean ± standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables
- TOF, total occlusion force; NRT, natural/rehabilitated teeth number; NT, natural teeth number; Posterior, premolars and molars
- p value was obtained from chi-square test for categorical variables and from T-test for continuous variables
- aEducation: "Middle school or less" refers to be educated until 9 years, the graduation of middle school, "High school or more" refers to be educated more than 9 years, entered into high school or more
- bSmoking: “No” refers to never smoked, “Yes” refers to past and current smoker
- cAlcohol drinking: “No” refers to drunken, “Yes” refers to past and current drinker
- dPeriodontitis: followed by guideline “Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition” (Tonetti et al., 2018) classified into two groups: No (healthy or stage I-II) and Yes (stage III-IV)
- eMetabolic syndrome: “No” refers to two or fewer factors, “Yes” refers to three or more factors among five factors: Obesity (body mass index (body kg/ height m2) ≥ 25); Total triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL; HDL cholesterol: Male < 40 mg/dL, Female < 50 mg/dL or medication for dyslipidemia; Hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg or medication for hypertension; Glycated hemoglobin ≥ 5.3% or medication for diabetes
