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Table 3 Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) from binary logistic regression models for lack of child preventive dental visits regressed on special health care needs status and parental psychosocial factors—2011/2012 National Survey of Children’s Health

From: Parental psychosocial factors, unmet dental needs and preventive dental care in children and adolescents with special health care needs: A stress process model

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

6–11 years old (n = 27,847)

Child special health care needs status

No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes (no functional limitations)

0.87

(0.67, 1.13)

0.85

(0.65, 1.11)

0.87

(0.67, 1.13)

0.87

(0.67, 1.13)

0.85

(0.65, 1.11)

Yes (functional limitations)

1.13

(0.74, 1.71)

1.07

(0.69, 1.68)

1.12

(0.73, 1.71)

1.12

(0.73, 1.71)

1.06 (0.67,1.68)

Parental psychosocial factors

Parenting stress

 

1.08

(0.94, 1.23)

  

1.07

(0.94, 1.22)

Social support

     

Instrumental support

  

0.89

(0.76, 1.03)

 

0.89

(0.77, 1.04)

Emotional support

(reference: unavailable)

   

0.92

(0.65, 1.29)

0.94

(0.67, 1.33)

12–17 years old (n = 31,328)

Child special health care needs status

No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes (no functional limitations)

0.92

(0.73, 1.16)

0.91

(0.73, 1.15)

0.91

(0.72, 1.14)

0.92

(0.73, 1.16)

0.91

(0.72, 1.14)

Yes (functional limitations)

1.08

(0.78, 1.50)

1.06

(0.76, 1.48)

1.06

(0.77, 1.47)

1.08

(0.78, 1.50)

1.05

(0.76, 1.47)

Parental psychosocial factors

Parenting stress

 

1.03

(0.92, 1.14)

  

1.02

(0.91, 1.13)

Social support

     

Instrumental support

  

0.89

(0.78, 1.02)

 

0.90

(0.78, 1.03)

Emotional support

(reference: unavailable)

   

0.93

(0.71, 1.22)

0.94

(0.72, 1.24)

  1. *p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001
  2. All estimates weighted; Models 1–4 columns report estimates from four separate models, each of which includes a single independent variable (child special health care needs status, parenting stress, instrumental support or emotional support) and all sociodemographic factors (family income, parental education, child age, gender, race/ethnicity, family structure, number of children in household, neighborhood safety, and health insurance); Model 5 column reports estimates from full models that include child special health care needs status, all parental psychosocial factors, and all sociodemographic factors