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Table 3 Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels according to demographics, anthropometrics, and disease characteristics

From: Vitamin D, oral health, and disease characteristics in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Characteristics

Total N

Serum 25(OH) vit. D nmol/L mean (± SD)

Serum 25(OH) vit. D < 50 nmol/L n (%)

Geographical regions

   

 North Norway

56

56.1 (± 26.0)

26 (46.4)

 West Norway

74

59.9 (± 19.5)

20 (27.0)

 Central Norway

93

66.0 (± 21.3)

20 (21.5)

Sex

   

 Girls

132

61.7 (± 22.5)

39 (29.5)

 Boys

91

61.2 (± 22.1)

27 (29.7)

Age groups, years

   

 4–9

62

69.2 (± 20.3)

8 (12.9)

 10–12

58

62.7 (± 22.5)

17 (29.3)

 13–16

103

56.1 (± 22.1)

41 (39.8)

Iso-BMIa

   

 Underweight

13

67.2 (± 23.0)

3 (23.1)

 Normal weight

157

64.0 (± 21.6)

39 (24.8)

 Overweight

43

55.6 (± 22.9)

17 (39.5)

 Obesity

10

39.5 (± 13.1)

7 (70.0)

Disease duration

   

  < 4 years

91

62.1 (± 23.8)

26 (28.6)

  ≥ 4 years

132

61.1 (± 21.3)

40 (30.3)

JIA categoriesb

   

 Systemic

7

80.7 (± 26.6)

1 (14.3)

 Oligoarticular persistent

77

63.6 (± 21.7)

18 (23.4)

 Oligoarticular extended

22

59.0 (± 19.8)

7 (31.8)

 Polyarticular RF negative

50

57.7 (± 20.6)

20 (40.0)

 Polyarticular RF positive

4

70.8 (± 39.9)

1 (25.0)

 Psoriatic arthritis

9

53.1 (± 21.0)

5 (55.6)

 Enthesitis-related arthritis

23

56.7 (± 20.0)

7 (30.4)

 Undifferentiated arthritis

31

64.5 (± 25.0)

7 (22.6)

Disease statusc

   

 Remission off medication

29

58.0 (± 22.8)

10 (34.5)

 Inactive disease

105

63.3 (± 23.3)

30 (28.6)

 Active disease

89

60.5 (± 21.0)

26 (29.2)

Active joints

   

 No

172

61.3 (± 22.0)

50 (29.1)

 Yes

51

62.1 (± 23.5)

16 (31.4)

Medication

   

 DMARDsd

   

  Never used

52

58.3 (± 21.2)

15 (28.8)

  Ever used

171

62.4 (± 22.6)

51 (29.8)

  Ongoing

148

62.8 (± 22.9)

44 (29.7)

 Systemic corticosteroidse

   

  Never used

175

61.6 (± 22.6)

48 (27.4)

  Ever used

48

60.9 (± 21.5)

18 (37.5)

  Ongoing

4

77.8 (± 42.6)

1 (25.0)

Painf

   

 VAS pain = 0

82

59.1 (± 20.8)

26 (31.7)

 VAS pain > 0

136

62.9 (± 22.4)

37 (27.2)

  1. DMARDs, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; vit. D, vitamin D; SD, standard deviation; ILAR, International League of Association for Rheumatology; RF, rheumatoid factor; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale
  2. aBody mass index (BMI) adjusted for age and sex according to the International Obesity Task Force recommendations corresponding to adult BMI (kg/m2) (underweight: < 18.5, normal weight: 18.5–24.9, overweight: 25–29.9, obesity: ≥ 30)
  3. bAccording to the ILAR classification criteria
  4. cDisease status was categorized according to the definition by Wallace et al. 2004/2011. Remission off medication = inactive disease off medication for ≥ 12 months. Inactive = inactive disease on medication for < 6 months, or off medication < 12 months, or remission on medication (inactive disease on medication for ≥ 6 months). Active = continuous active disease or flare
  5. dMedication; never used, ever used (= previous, and ongoing at study visit)
  6. DMARDs include both synthetic (methotrexate, hydroxychlorochine, cyclosporine or mycophenolate mofetil) and biologic (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, tocilizumab, abatacept, certolizumab, golimumab or rituximab)
  7. eSystemic corticosteroids include oral or intravenous corticosteroids
  8. fSelf-reported disease-related pain measured on a 21-numbered circle VAS scale (0 = no pain, 10 = maximum pain) (5 missing)
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BMC Oral Health

ISSN: 1472-6831

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