Table 1 PICOS question and inclusion and exclusion criteria and search keywords used for the study selection
Category | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|---|
Participants | Growing patients (patients near the pubertal growth spurt as determined by the cervical vertebral maturation index) with skeletal class II malocclusion or skeletal class II or Angle class II or mandibular retrusion or mandibular hypoplasia or mandibular retrognathism | Patients with craniofacial anomalies and/or transverse discrepancies and/or skeletal asymmetries |
Intervention | Orthopedic or interceptive or early treatment using bi-maxillary skeletal anchorage or bone anchor or miniscrew or miniplate or mini-implant or bone screw or bone plate | Single jaw skeletal anchorage device |
Comparator | Either control group with no treatment or comparison with other devices | Studies with no control group |
Outcome | Primary outcome: skeletal change Secondary outcomes: dentoalveolar changes | Outcomes other than skeletal and dentoalveolar changes |
Study Design | Longitudinal (Retrospective or prospective) studies, and controlled and non-controlled clinical trials | Case reports, case series, literature reviews, systematic review, opinion articles, book chapters |