Skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of class II malocclusion treatment using bi-maxillary skeletal anchorage: a systematic review

Table 6 Summary of dentoalveolar changes in the treatment and/ comparison/observation control groups in the included studies

Author (year) [references]	Maxillary incisors inclination (U1/PP Or U1/SN° or U1− VP mm)			Mandibular incisors inclination (IMPA°)			Overjet (mm)			Overbite (mm)
Author (year) [references]	Study	Control	P value	Study	Control	P value	Study	Control	P value	Study	Control	P value
Ozbilek et al. [32]	4.60 ± 2.40	− 2.33 ± 1.87	0.002	− 3.01± 1.66	5.45± 1.23	0.002	− 4.80 ± 1.18	− 3.81 ± 0.67	0.180	− 2.53 ± 1.31	− 3.55 ± 0.48	0.240
Al− Dumaini et al. [7]	− 1.15 ± 0.94	0.40 ± 0.97	< 0.001	− 1.27 ± 2.48	0.47 ± 1.58	0.002	− 4.26 ± 0.85	− 0.12 ± 0.44	< 0.001	1.47 ± 0.73	− 0.13 ± 0.23	< 0.001
Manni et al. [33]	5.1 ± 7.7	1.0 ± 9.4	0.33	1.6 ± 5.6	3.7 ± 4.2	0.40	− 3.7 ± 2.6	− 3.8 ± 1.9	0.44	−	−	−
Kochar et al. [34]	0.24 ± 0.44	0.35 ± 0.49	0.33	3.35 ± 0.86	0.53 ± 0.51	< 0.001	− 5.44 ± 1.26	− 0.38 ± 0.62	< 0.001	− 3.69 ± 0.60	− 0.38 ± 0.50	< 0.001

U1/PP°: The angle formed between the palatal plane and the long axis of the most protruded maxillary incisor
U1/SN°: The angle formed between the cranial base plane and the long axis of the most protruded maxillary incisor
U1-VP (mm): The linear perpendicular distance between the vertical plan and the incisal edge of the most protruded maxillary incisor
IMPA°: The angle formed between the mandibular plane and the long axis of the most protruded mandibular incisor

ISSN: 1472-6831