Table 2 Odds of dental caries by HIV exposure or infection status: Results from unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models

Study group

 HI

1.65 (1.04–2.61)

1.58 (0.96–2.59)

1.42 (0.89–2.29)

1.41 (0.85–2.35)

3.94 (1.55–10.00)

3.44 (1.25–9.49)

 HEU

0.57 (0.33–0.98)

0.53 (0.30–0.92)

0.50 (0.29–0.88)

0.47 (0.26–0.85)

1.42 (0.48–4.18)

1.29 (0.42–3.98)

 HUU

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Sex

 Female

0.99 (0.67–1.47)

0.99 (0.64–1.52)

0.97 (0.64–1.46)

0.96 (0.61–1.49)

0.75 (0.37–1.50)

0.73 (0.32 –1.64)

 Male

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Age (in months)

1.01 (1.00–1.02)

1.01 (1.00–1.02)

1.01 (1.00–1.01)

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

1.04 (1.02–1.06)

1.04 (1.02–1.06)

Gingival index

3.11 (1.90–5.07)

2.72 (1.62–4.59)

2.43 (1.48–4.00)

2.21 (1.30–3.76)

4.62 (2.40–8.92)

3.10 (1.49–6.45)

CD4 count

 <  = 500 cells/mm³

1.52 (0.87–2.66)

0.82 (0.43–1.55)

1.28 (0.71–2.32)

0.75 (0.39–1.47)

2.22 (0.96–5.10)

0.76 (0.28–2.07)

 > 500 cells/mm³

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Enamel defects

3.72 (2.03–6.82)

3.07 (1.62–5.83)

3.67 (1.99–6.75)

3.18 (1.66–6.09)

4.17 (1.83–9.52)

2.82 (1.04–7.62)

Xerostomia

1.87 (0.54–6.48)

–

1.41 (0.37–5.40)

0.63 (0.13–2.93)

5.87 (1.49–23.20)

2.99 (0.54–16.43)

No prior visit to a dentist

0.40 (0.14–1.16)

–

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

0.68 (0.15–3.03)

2.56 (0.55–11.94)

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

Breastfeeding duration

 > 6 months

1.41 (0.86–2.30)

–

1.52 (0.91–2.57)

–

1.27 (0.54–2.99)

–

 <  = 6 months

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref