BMC Oral Health

Table 2 Displacements (mm) in palate and teeth after activation of the C-RPE and B-RPE appliances (mm)

From: The comparison of biomechanical effects of the conventional and bone-borne palatal expanders on late adolescence with unilateral cleft palate: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis

Region	C-RPE								B-RPE
	Cleft side				Non-cleft side				Cleft side				Non-cleft side
	Total	X	Y	Z	Total	X	Y	Z	Total	X	Y	Z	Total	X	Y	Z
Anterior palate (A1)	0.1326	0.1236	− 0.0348	− 0.0320	0.1230	− 0.1126	− 0.0150	− 0.0459	0.3174	0.3018	− 0.0674	− 0.0751	0.3036	− 0.2817	− 0.0088	− 0.1032
Middle palate (A2)	0.1000	0.0889	− 0.0275	− 0.0377	0.0926	− 0.0810	− 0.0101	− 0.0404	0.2574	0.2351	− 0.0516	− 0.0868	0.2479	− 0.2309	− 0.0009	− 0.0922
Posterior palate (A3)	0.0912	0.0698	− 0.0277	− 0.0515	0.0742	− 0.0595	− 0.0078	− 0.0401	0.2441	0.2085	− 0.0503	− 0.1206	0.2134	− 0.1960	0.0038	− 0.0906
Cusp tip of 4 (B1)	0.1380	0.1435	− 0.0363	− 0.0157	0.1485	− 0.1368	− 0.0107	− 0.0060	0.3693	0.3583	− 0.0772	− 0.0358	0.3498	− 0.3492	− 0.0066	− 0.0138
Cusp tip of 5 (B2)	0.1299	0.1383	− 0.0255	0.0044	0.1405	− 0.1294	− 0.0076	− 0.0064	0.3508	0.3457	− 0.0630	0.0091	0.3404	− 0.3400	− 0.0054	− 0.0091
Cusp tip of 6 (B3)	0.1260	0.1362	− 0.0289	− 0.0093	0.1403	− 0.1252	− 0.0074	− 0.0103	0.3539	0.3460	− 0.0695	− 0.0232	0.3339	− 0.3324	− 0.0054	− 0.0196
Cusp tip of 7 (B4)	0.1137	0.1145	− 0.0175	0.0063	0.1164	− 0.1137	− 0.0028	0.0028	0.3118	0.3065	− 0.0488	0.0171	0.3118	− 0.3113	0.0009	0.0157

Figure 2 presented the definitions of each landmark. Transverse displacement: (+) cleft expansion (–) non-cleft expansion; Sagittal displacement, (-) forward, (+) backward; Vertical displacement: (+) upward, (–) downward

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