Table 3 Weighted OR (95% CI) of retinol intake and periodontitis in each subgroup
From: Association between retinol intake and periodontal health in US adults
Subgroup | Retinol intake | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | P value | Tertile 3 | P value | |
Age | |||||
≤ 60 | 1 | 0.78 (0.63, 0.96) | 0.027 | 0.80 (0.65, 0.97) | 0.036 |
> 60 | 1 | 0.83 (0.61, 1.14) | 0.264 | 0.77(0.55, 1.07) | 0.131 |
Gender | |||||
Female | 1 | 0.86 (0.70, 1.07) | 0.194 | 0.76 (0.59, 1.00) | 0.063 |
Male | 1 | 0.72 (0.53, 0.98) | 0.046 | 0.77 (0.56, 1.06) | 0.121 |
Race | |||||
Non-Hispanic White | 1 | 0.87 (0.66, 1.15) | 0.335 | 0.85 (0.65, 1.12) | 0.258 |
Mexican American | 1 | 0.76 (0.54, 1.06) | 0.128 | 0.89 (0.58, 1.37) | 0.614 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 1 | 0.71 (0.51, 0.98) | 0.049 | 0.62 (0.42, 0.94) | 0.034 |
Others | 1 | 0.80 (0.54, 1.21) | 0.301 | 0.73 (0.51, 1.03) | 0.090 |
Education level | |||||
< High school | 1 | 0.80 (0.58, 1.10) | 0.183 | 0.66 (0.43, 1.01) | 0.070 |
High school | 1 | 0.82 (0.56, 1.18) | 0.295 | 0.88 (0.61, 1.27) | 0.518 |
> High school | 1 | 0.81 (0.63, 1.06) | 0.134 | 0.81 (0.64, 1.03) | 0.093 |
PI | |||||
≤ 1.3 | 1 | 0.68 (0.51, 0.92) | 0.021 | 0.72 (0.55, 0.93) | 0.020 |
1.3–3.5 | 1 | 0.69 (0.52, 0.93) | 0.021 | 0.70 (0.55, 0.89) | 0.008 |
> 3.5 | 1 | 0.93 (0.65, 1.34) | 0.712 | 0.89 (0.62, 1.26) | 0.505 |
Marital status | |||||
Married/living as married | 1 | 0.85 (0.68, 1.07) | 0.172 | 0.79 (0.61, 1.01) | 0.077 |
Never married | 1 | 0.72 (0.44, 1.19) | 0.218 | 1.05 (0.60, 1.83) | 0.869 |
Separated/divorced/widowed | 1 | 0.69 (0.50, 0.95) | 0.033 | 0.73 (0.52, 1.03) | 0.089 |
Smoking habit | |||||
Non smoker | 1 | 0.67 (0.52, 0.86) | 0.004 | 0.63 (0.48, 0.81) | 0.002 |
Former smoker | 1 | 1.05 (0.73, 1.50) | 0.800 | 1.06 (0.74, 1.50) | 0.769 |
Current smoker | 1 | 0.89 (0.62, 1.28) | 0.534 | 1.00 (0.68, 1.46) | 0.982 |
Alcohol consumption | |||||
None/Mild | 1 | 1.11 (0.81, 1.52) | 0.540 | 0.87 (0.62, 1.21) | 0.418 |
Moderate | 1 | 0.69 (0.50, 0.97) | 0.041 | 0.73 (0.50, 1.06) | 0.107 |
Heavy | 1 | 0.85 (0.52, 1.37) | 0.507 | 0.79 (0.51, 1.21) | 0.289 |
Obesity | |||||
No | 1 | 0.88 (0.70, 1.12) | 0.316 | 0.86 (0.68, 1.09) | 0.235 |
Yes | 1 | 0.72 (0.55, 0.95) | 0.027 | 0.68 (0.49, 0.94) | 0.029 |
Diabetes mellitus | |||||
No | 1 | 0.81 (0.66, 0.99) | 0.057 | 0.79 (0.65, 0.95) | 0.018 |
Yes | 1 | 0.74 (0.44, 1.23) | 0.251 | 0.80 (0.43, 1.52) | 0.507 |
Hypertension | |||||
No | 1 | 0.84 (0.65, 1.09) | 0.200 | 0.91 (0.72, 1.15) | 0.455 |
Yes | 1 | 0.73 (0.54, 1.00) | 0.065 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.86) | 0.009 |