Perceptual difference of smile aesthetics between 2-dimensional photographs and 3-dimensional dentofacial images: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Coefficients for multiple linear regression of VAS scores on image type, population group, image × population interaction, and the votes of smile features

Variables	Unstandardized coefficients	Std error	Standardized coefficients	p	FDR correction
Gingival exposure	− 11.753	1.461	− 0.430	1.24E−13	1.87E−12**
Maxillary incisor exposure	− 12.903	1.915	− 0.388	2.19E−10	1.64E−09**
Facial profile	− 43.948	6.971	− 0.355	2.26E−09	1.13E−08**
Smile pattern	− 11.422	1.919	− 0.313	1.40E−08	5.24E−08**
Dentition	− 11.940	2.309	− 0.293	6.28E−07	1.89E−06**
Commissure	− 7.501	1.726	− 0.247	2.35E−05	5.87E−05**
Midline	− 10.961	3.064	− 0.180	4.48E−04	9.59E−04**
Mandibular incisor exposure	− 6.671	1.977	− 0.177	9.12E−04	.002*
Smile arc	− 7.402	2.651	− 0.148	.006	.010*
Inclination of incisors	− 8.716	3.189	− 0.151	.007	.010*
Image type	− 2.463	1.074	− 0.176	.023	.031*
Visible width of upper dentition	− 9.263	5.908	− 0.085	.119	.148
population	1.582	1.036	0.113	.128	.148
Buccal corridor	− 4.401	4.685	− 0.049	.349	.374
Image × population	− 0.454	1.414	− 0.028	.748	.748

ISSN: 1472-6831