Efficacy of a four-curvature auxiliary arch at preventing maxillary central incisor linguoclination during orthodontic treatment: a finite element analysis

Table 3 Model group

There is no gap in or back way		Different torque forces (N)
There is no gap in or back way		0.5	1	1.5	2
No tooth extraction space
Molar ligation group	(No implant)	1^a	1^b	1^c	1^d
Micro-implant ligation group	(Implant)	2^a	2^b	2^c	2^d
There's a tooth extraction space
Molar retraction group	(No implant)	3^a	3^b	3^c	3^d
Micro-implant retraction group	(Implant)	4^a	4^b	4^c	4^d

The a, b, c, d respectively correspond to the (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) N. Where ^a stands for 0.5 N, where ^b stands for 1 N, where ^c stands for 1.5 N, where ^d stands for 2 N

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